________ involves thinking reflectively and productively, as well as evaluating evidence.

Study Guide Chapter 7 – Information ProcessingI.The Information-Processing (IP)ApproachA. The information-processing approach to cognition focuses on how learnersmanipulate,monitor,andcreate strategiesabout information. Information processing relies on attention,encoding, memory, and thinking.B. Cognitive resources: capacity and speed1. Biology and experience contribute to growth incognitive resources.2. Biological changes in brain structures affect processing.a. Changes in frontal lobes.b. Blooming and pruning of connections between neurons.c.Myelinationincreases the speed of electrical impulses in the brain, which occursthrough childhood and adolescence.d. Increase in capacity improves theprocessingofinformation.e. Speed in processing is linked with competence in thinking.f. Adifficulttask can be used to assess processing speed.g. Speed increases across the childhood years.C.Mechanisms of Changeinclude encoding, automaticity, and strategy construction1.Encodingis the process of getting information into memory2.Automaticityis the ability to process information with little effort and it is accruedthroughpracticeallowing children to encode increasing amounts of informationautomatically.3.Strategy constructioninvolves creating new procedures for processinginformation.4.Self-modificationinvolvesthe using ofnew proceduresto take an active role inadapting previously learned roles to new situations.D. Comparisons with Piaget’s theory1. Similaritiesa) Some versions of information processing are constructivist.b) Both seek ways to describe capabilities and limitations at different points in life.c) Both emphasize the impact that existing understanding has on the ability to __________________________________________________.2. Differencesa) Information-processing theory does not emphasize __________ (as Piaget did) andviews the acquisition of capacity for information processing as increasing gradually.b) Information processing focuses on precise analysis of change and the contributionsof ongoing cognitive processing activity (e.g., encoding and strategies) make to thatchange.II. AttentionA.Attentionis the focusing of mental resources.B. Attention improves cognitive processing.C. Types of attention1. Focusing on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring others isselectiveattention.2. Concentrating on more than one activity at the same time (i.e. listening to music ortelevision while you are reading this article.) isdividedattention.3. The ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period oftime issustainedattention.This is also calledvigilance.4. Planning, allocating attention, error detection, compensation, monitoring progressand dealing with novel or difficult circumstances isexecutiveattention.

10 Questions  |  By Gilstoker | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 327

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Developmental psychology test quiz. The human mind undergoes a lot of changes from in a person’s lifespan from infancy to old age. Do you know why people of a certain age tend to behave in a certain way? How about how our genetic inheritance interacts with our experiences to influence our development? This quiz will help refresh your understanding of the changes and learn some more on the topic too.

• 1. 

  The process in which youth move into adulthood and exit their family of origin.

  • A. 

    Initiation

  • B. 

    Launching

  • C. 

    Transition

  • D. 

    Ejection

• 2. 

  5-year old Fred has known that an insect that is round, red, and with black polka-dots, is a ladybug. One morning while playing in the yard, she saw the same insect crawling on a heart-shaped leaf. She saw another one on the same kind of leaf on the other side of the yard. What kind of cognitive process is such, that Fred acquired new knowledge of ladybugs lives on plants with heart-shaped leaves?

• 3. 

  Play in which the child plays separately from others, but with toys like those the others are using or in a manner that mimics their play.

  • A. 

    Parallel play

  • B. 

    Onlooker play

  • C. 

    Cooperative play

  • D. 

    Associative play

• 4. 

  Cognition about cognition, or knowing about knowing.

• 5. 

  Thinking reflectively and productively, as well as evaluating the evidence.

  • A. 

    Divergent thinking

  • B. 

    Convergent thinking

  • C. 

    Creative thinking

  • D. 

    Critical thinking

• 6. 

  Sustained exercise (such as jogging, swimming, or cycling) that stimulates heart and lung activity.

• 7. 

  A form of the close relationship that involves enjoyment, acceptance, trust, respect, mutual assistance, confiding, understanding, and spontaneity.

  • A. 

    Companionate love

  • B. 

    Familial relationship

  • C. 

    Friendship

  • D. 

    Love

• 8. 

  A decrease in marital satisfaction after children leave home because parents derive considerable satisfaction from their children.

• 9. 

  Active euthanasia occurs when death is deliberately induced, as when a lethal dose of a drug is injected.

  • A. 

    True

  • B. 

    False

• 10. 

  Whereas a hospital's goals are to cure illness and prolong life, hospice care emphasizes __________, which involves reducing pain and suffering and helping individuals die with dignity.

Revise for your exam on Developmental Psychology. Based on Peterson, C. (2004) Looking forward throught the lifespan. Sydney, NSW: Pearson Education Australia.

Questions: 14  |  Attempts: 23936   |  Last updated: Mar 22, 2022

• Sample Question

  According to Piaget's theory of Cognitive Development, at what age do children develop the ability for deferred imitation?
  

  8-12 months

  

  12-18 months

  

  18-24 months

  

  24-36 months

Hey, try your hands on this short and fun developmental psychology quiz with answers. This is a multiple-choice (MCQ) quiz based on developmental psychology and its related concepts. By taking this quiz, you'll get the chance...

Questions: 18  |  Attempts: 11266   |  Last updated: Apr 24, 2022

• Sample Question

  Dr. Matsuko's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-rearing practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring. It is most likely that Dr. Matsuko is a(n) ________ psychologist.
  

  Cognitive

  

  Developmental

  

  Behavioral

  

  Psychodynamic

  

  Educational

People are different from each other, and Developmental Psychology is one avenue through which we get to understand why people change their behavior, personality, or reactions as they grow. Do wish to review what you got to...

Questions: 56  |  Attempts: 8083   |  Last updated: Mar 22, 2022

• Sample Question

  A developmental specialist who focuses on physical development would be interested in:
  

  Motor skils

  

  Memory

  

  Emotions

  

  Language

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What involves thinking reflectively and productively and evaluating evidence?

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Which of the following is the correct definition of intellectual disability?