In which of the following layout type, materials are fed into the first machine

Which one of the following types of layout is used for the manufacture of huge aircraft?

  1. Product layout
  2. Process layout
  3. Fixed position layout
  4. Combination layout

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Fixed position layout

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Explanation:

Layout planning in manufacturing and service organisations involves the physical arrangement of various resources available in the system to improve the performance of the operating system, thereby providing better services in less time.

Layouts can be classified into the following four categories:

  1. Process layout
  2. Product layout
  3. Group layout (Combination layout)
  4. Fixed-position layout

PROCESS LAYOUT:

  • It is also known as the functional layout and is characterized by keeping similar machines or similar operations at one location (place).
  • In other words, all lathes will be in one place, all milling machines at another, and so on, that is machines have been arranged according to their functions.

In which of the following layout type, materials are fed into the first machine

Process Layout is employed where:

  • low volume of production is required.
  • similar jobs are manufactured on similar machines (Eg. Refining of crude oil).
  • machined are arranges on functional basis.

Drawbacks of Process Layout:

  • More floor space is required.
  • Production control is more difficult and costly as it increases handling cost.

PRODUCT LAYOUT:

  • It is also known as line layout. It implies that various operations on raw material are performed in a sequence and the machines are placed along the product flow line i.e. machines are arranged in the sequence in which the raw material will be operated upon.
  • This type of layout is preferred for continuous production i.e. involving a continuous flow of in-process material towards the finished product stage.
  • It is used for mass production of a product i.e. in automobile assembly.

In which of the following layout type, materials are fed into the first machine

Advantages of Product layout:

  • Handling cost reduces.
  • Less in-process inventory.
  • Less supervision.
  • Efficient space utilisation.
  • Higher productivity i.e. cycle time is short.

Disadvantages:

  • Lack of flexibility.
  • Breakdown stops the entire process.
  • Output quantity fixed, no alteration can be made.

FIXED PRODUCT LAYOUT:

  • It is also known as a static product layout.
  • In other types of layouts earlier, the product moves post stationary production equipment, whereas in this case, the reverse applies men and equipment are moved to the material which is very large in size i.e. remains at one place and the product is completed at that place.
  • It is used in shipbuilding; aircraft manufactured big pressure vessel fabrication.

In which of the following layout type, materials are fed into the first machine

UNIT PRODUCT LAYOUT:

It is similar to fixed product layout but here the quantity also reduced to unity eg. launch of a satellite.

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In which of the following layout type, materials are fed into the first machine and finished products come out of the last machine?
(a) Product layout
(b) Process layout
(c) Fixed position layout
(d) Cellular manufacturing layout

In which of the following layout type, materials are fed into the first machine

In which of the following layout type, materials are fed into the first machine

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    Product layout: In product layout, also called straight line layout, machinery is arranged in one line as per the sequence of production operations. Materials are fed into the first machine and finished products come out of the last machine.

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    Product Layout: It involves the arrangement of machines in one line depending on the sequence of operations. The material is fed into the first machine and finished products come out of the last machine.