Which type of information could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to the national security if disclosed without authorization?

be able to identify or describe the damage that unauthorized disclosure reasonably could be expected to cause to the national security

• TOP SECRET
  Information in which the unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to the national security.
  
  
• SECRET
  Information in which the unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to the national security.
  
  
• CONFIDENTIAL
  Information in which the unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause damage to the national security.
  
  

DISCLAIMER: The appearance of non-government information does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Army.
Accessibility/Section 508

§ 105-62.101 Security classification categories.

As set forth in Executive Order 12065, official information or material which requires protection against unauthorized disclosure in the interests of the national defense or foreign relations of the United States (hereinafter collectively termed “national security”) shall be classified in one of three categories: Namely, Top Secret, Secret, or Confidential, depending on its degree of significance to the national security. No other categories shall be used to identify official information or material as requiring protection in the interests of national security except as otherwise expressly provided by statute. The three classification categories are defined as follows:

(a) Top Secret. Top Secret refers to that national security information which requires the highest degree of protection, and shall be applied only to such information as the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to the national security. Examples of exceptionally grave damage include armed hostilities against the United States or its allies, disruption of foreign relations vitally affecting the national security, intelligence sources and methods, and the compromise of vital national defense plans or complex cryptologic and communications systems. This classification shall be used with the utmost restraint.

(b) Secret. Secret refers to that national security information or material which requires a substantial degree of protection, and shall be applied only to such information as the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to the national security. Examples of serious damage include disruption of foreign relations significantly affecting the national security, significant impairment of a program or policy directly related to the national security, and revelation of significant military plans or intelligence operations. This classification shall be used sparingly.

(c) Confidential. Confidential refers to other national security information which requires protection, and shall be applied only to such information as the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause identifiable damage to the national security.

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Page 2

DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY, Alexandria, Va., June 19, 1977.

Mr. JOHN MARKOFF, Military Audit Project, Washington, D.C.

was

DEAR MR. MARKOFF: This is in response to your Freedom of Information request of 23 May 1977 for five audit reports concerning Rockwell International. Item 1 of your request, Audit Review of Washington DC Office prepared for and submitted to the U.S. Air Force. Therefore, your request is being referred for direct reply to the General Counsel, Department of the Air Force, The Pentagon, Washington, DC, 20330.

The advisory reports (items 2-5) were prepared for and submitted to Mr. Thomas R. Tremper, Chief, Contract Administration Division, USAF Plant Representative's Office (011-CA10), Rockwell International, B-1 Division, Los Angeles International Airport, 5701 West Imperial Highway, Los Angeles, CA 90009. Your request for these reports has been referred for direct reply to that office.

Sincerely,

SYBIL L. TAYLOR, Records Administrator.

DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY, Alexandria, Va., June 13, 1977. Memorandum for Chief, Contract Administration Division, USAF plant representative's office, ROCKWELL INTERNATIONAL, B-1 Division. Subject: Freedom of Information Request from Military Audit Project.

Forwarded as a matter under your cognizance and for direct reply to the requester is the 23 May 1977 FOIA request from Military Audit Project for copies of advisory reports for 1972-1975 on Rockwell B-1 Division (items 2-5). The portion of the request covered in item 1 has been referred to the General Coun Department of the Air Force. Military Audit Project has been advised of this referral.

For the Director:

SYBIL L. TAYLOR, Records Administrator.

DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY, Alexandria, Va., June 13, 1977.

Memorandum for General Counsel, Department of the Air Force.
Subject: Freedom of Information Request from Military Audit Project.

Forwarded as a matter under your cognizance and for direct reply to the requester is the 23 May 1977 FOIA request from Military Audit Project for a copy of the Audit Review of Washington, DC, Office and Operations and Other Expenses of Rockwell International Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, dated 6 April 1976 (item 1). Military Audit Project has been advised of this referral.

This request has been referred to the contracting officer for direct reply concerning items 2 through 5.

For the Director:

SYBIL L. TAYLOR, Records Administrator.

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE, Washington, D.C., June 23, 1977.

Mr. JOHN MARKOFF, Military Audit Project, Washington, D.C.

DEAR MR. MARKOFF: Your letter addressed to Mr. Frederick Neuman, Defense Contract Audit Agency, dated May 23, 1977 was received in this office for action on item 1. However, it was misdirected. Your request has been forwarded to: Headquarters, Air Force Systems Command (AFSC/DADF), Andrews Air Force Base, Washington, DC 20334.

A determination will be made in regard to whether the records you requested will be released or withheld from disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, within 10 days (excepting Saturdays, Sundays, and legal public holidays) after receipt of your request by the responsible processing authority. Sincerely,

M. K. WARD.
Air Staff Freedom of Information Manager,
Directorate of Administration.

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE, ANDREWS AIR FORCE BASE, Washington, D.C., July 14, 1977.

Subject: Request for copy of records (Case File No. AFCMO 77-033).

Mr. JOHN MARKOFF, Military Audit Project, Washington, D.C.

1. Your letter, 23 May 1977 was received on 8 July 1977 forwarded from AFCMD/DADF, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico. A time extension has been found necessary for the proper processing of the records requested under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, for the following reason: The need for consultation, which shall be conducted with all practicable speed, with another agency having a substantial interest in the determination of the request or among two or more geographically separated installations of the Air Force having substantial subject matter interest therein.

2. A determination is expected to be made regarding your request by 27 July 1977.

ERNEST BALENZUELA,
Chief, Documentation Division,
Directorate of Administration.

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE, ANDREWS AIR FORCE BASE, Washington, D.C., July 13, 1977.

Subject: Request for records under the Freedom of Information Act.

Mr. JOHN MARKOFF, Military Audit Project, Washington, D.C.

1. We have given careful consideration to your forwarded request of 23 May 1977 for DCAA audit reports pertaining to the Rockwell International Corporation. It is our determination that a portion of the sought information is exempt from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b) (3) (4) and (5), and as cited below. Your specific requests and our comments concerning their release and denial are as follows:

a. "Audit Review of Washington D.C. Office and Operations and other expenses; Rockwell International Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa." Date of Report: 6 April 1976.

b. "Advisory Report, 1972," B-1 Division, 428-05-4-0044, 24 May 74, Rockwell International.

c. "Advisory Report, 1973," B-1 Division, Rockwell International, 4641-05-50061, S1, 3 January 75, 7 March 75.

66

d. Advisory Report, 1974," B-1 Division, Rockwell International, 4641-055-0129, S1, 30 June 75, 19 September 75.

e. "Advisory Report, 1975," B-1 Division, Rockwell International, 4641-056-0134, 30 June 76.

Segments of the above-referenced reports are denied pursuant to AFR 12-30, paragraphs 10 c, d and e. Information withheld includes sensitive and confidential commercial and financial information which if disclosed would place Rockwell at a competitive disadvantage in both the government and private sales markets. This information was received with the understanding that it would be retained on a privileged or confidential basis in accordance with customary handling of such records. The withholding of this information serves a significant governmental purpose by encouraging contractors to freely disclose their commercial and financial information to the Government without fear of harm to their competitive position. Included also are opinions and recommendations rendered to the contracting officer. These comments are predecisional and part of the deliberative process. Furthermore, they reveal and discuss commercial and financial information received in confidence.

2. The decision to withhold release of this information may be appealed in writing to the Secretary of the Air Force within 45 days from the date of this letter. Include in your appeal any reasons for reconsideration you wish to present and attach a copy of this letter. Address your letter as follows: Secretary of the Air Force through HQ AFSC/PP, Andrews Air Force Base, D.C. 20334.

3. Copies of the releasable portions of the audit reports you requested will be available from HQ AFSC/DADF, Andrews Air Force Base, D.C. 20334. They will notify you of any fees applicable to this request as required by AFR 12–30.

(Fold here for window envelope)

(Fold here for window envelope)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF REQUEST FOR RECORDS

JAMES W. STANSBERRY, Brigadier General, USAF, DCS/Procurement & Manufacturing.

HQ AFSC/DADF, Andrews AFB DC 20334

In all correspondence concerning this request,
please refer to Case File #AFCMD 77-033)

Mr John Markoff

Military Audit Project

1065 Thirty-First Street, NW Washington DC 20007

Your request for DCAA Audit Reports Pertaining to Rockwell International dated 23 May 77

is acknowledged. The applicable items are checked in regard to this request.

a. Available from AFSC/DADF, Andrews AFB DC 20334.

b. Available from Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, DC 20402

Specifications, standards, and related publications are available from U. S. Naval Publications and Forms d. Center, 5801 Tabor Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19120.

FOR YOUR INFORMATION Publications and forms required in connection with Air Force or other DOD Contracts and Invitations for Bids (IFB) should be obtained from the official responsible for administering the contract or IFB. (The Air Force Officer/Official should order records through normal distribution channels.)

Available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield VA 22151. Cite this number

1. Rescinded and no longer stocked.

This is to acknowledge receipt of your check or postal money order number

in the amount of

f. Available from ASD/DADF, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433.

8.

Your request has been forwarded to AFSC/DADF, Andrews AFB DC 20334 for final release determination.
You will be notified promptly upon receipt of their decision.

h. Under revision, availability date unknown at this time. Resubmit your request in approximately

i. Your request should be forwarded to

Your request was misdirected and has been referred to

j.

Available from DDC, Cameron Station, Alexandria, VA 22314 to qualified requesters. Accession number is AD

k.

We are unable to identify material or information requested from the information furnished, please furnish further identification if possible.

TYPE OR STAMP NAME, GRAQE, AND TITLE OF AUTHENTICATING OFFICER SIGNATURE ERNEST BALENZUELA

Chief, Documentation Division

urace of AdminATION WILL BE USED. AFSC FORM 351

JUL 78

The documents you requested are enclosed. A determination has been made that the record(s) requested is/are releasable under the Freedom of Information Act. The established schedule of fees for providing this/these document(s) which is/are available from this organization is $ 6.10 . Make check or U. S. Postal Money Order payable to ADSN 5037, A&FO, Andrews AFB The price quotation is void after 90 days. Please submit a new request after that date if materials are still desired. (Please note: Only one copy of the above publication(s) or form(s) per customer is/are available.)

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS

Reference AFSC/PP Ltr, 14 Jul 77, Subject: Request for Records Under the Freedom of Information Act.

2. Copies of releasable portions of the Audit Reports you requested will be forwarded upon receipt of payment as required in item "n". Please mail your check or postal money order to: HQ AFSC/DADF, Andrews AFB DC 20334.

[EXHIBIT 45]

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF JOHN F. BLAKE

Age 55; married with five daughters; B.S. in Political Science from the University of San Francisco and an M.A. in International Relations from the George Washington University. He also attended the National War College in 1963. He served as an Army Lieutena artillery, in World War II and was transferred to OSS in January, 1945. Upon separation from the military in July 1946, he was hired by SSU (predecessor of CIA) and has had consecutive service since. His service includes assignments in all four of the Agency's Directorates, domestic and overseas Stations, and the Office of the Inspector General. More significant assignments include Executive Officer of the Directorate of Science & Technology, Deputy Director and Director of Logistics, Director of Personnel, and Associate and Deputy Director for Administration. He was awarded the Distinguished Intelligence Medal on 29 April 1974. He was appointed Deputy Director for Administration on 3 August 1974 and Acting Deputy Director of Central Intelligence on 13 July 1977.

Memorandum for: Acting Director. Subject: MKULTRA Files.

Per instructions from Dr.

[Exhibit 49]

MKULTRA MEMO

-/former Chief/DDP/TSD, all MKULTRA files, branch files and those retrieved from archives, were destroyed on 31 January 1973. (See attached.) To the best of my recollection the MKULTRA projects were terminated in 1966 or 1967. I have no knowledge of the ULTRA type materials having been used operationally against US Citizens.

[Exhibit 50]

PROPOSED EXECUTIVE ORDER ON CLASSIFICATION

THE WHITE HOUSE, Washington, D.C., September 13, 1977.

Hon. JAMES ABOUREZK, U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C.

DEAR SENATOR ABOUREZK: I am enclosing a copy of a draft Executive Order to replace Order No. 11652, which establishes the security classification system. In behalf of the President, I would like to request any comments and suggestions you may have. Comments on both policy and specific language would be wel

come.

We need your reactions by October 14, 1977, so they can be conveyed to the President before he decides on the final Order. Please send your comments to Ron Kienlen, General Counsel's Office, Office of Management and Budget, Room 465, Old Executive Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20500.

Feel free to share this draft with others who might want to comment. Thanks in advance for your help.

Sincerely,

RICHARD M. NEUSTADT, Deputy Special Assistant.

NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION AND MATERIAL

By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and statutes of the United States of America, and as President of the United States of America, in order to balance the public interest in access to official information with the legiti

mate need to protect information which should be kept secret in the interestof national security, it is hereby order as follows:

SECTION 1. DEFINITIONS

(a) "Official information or material" means that information or material which is owned by, produced for or by, or under the control of the United States Government.

(b) "National security" means the foreign policy or national defense interests of the United States.

(c) "Agency" means any independent entity, including the Military Departments, within the Executive Branch.

(d) "Intelligence source" means a person, organization, or technical means which provides foreign intelligence or foreign counterintelligence and which, if its identity or capability is disclosed, is vulnerable to counteraction that could nullify or significantly reduce its effectiveness in providing foreign intelligence or foreign counterintelligence to the United States. An "intelligence source" also means a person or organization which provides foreign intelligence or foreign counterintelligence to the United States only on the condition that its identity remains undisclosed.

(e) "Intelligence method" means the method which is used to provide support to an intelligence source or operation, and which, if disclosed, is vulnerable to counteraction that could nullify or significantly reduce its effectiveness in supporting the foreign intelligence or foreign counterintelligence activities of the United States, or which would, if disclosed, reasonably lead to the disclosure of an intelligence source of operation.

(f) "Classified information" is official information which has been determined by proper authority to require a degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure in the interest of national security and has been designated, dependent upon its significance to the national security, with one of the three following authorized classification designations:

(1) "Top Secret" is the designation which shall be applied to official information or material the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to the national security.

(2) "Secret" is the designation which shall be applied to official information or material the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to the national security.

(3) "Confidential" is the designation which shall be applied to official information or material the unauthorized disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to cause significant damage to the national security.

SECTION 2. ORIGINAL CLASSIFICATION

(a) Classification requirements. Official information or material, hereinafter referred to as information, shall not be classified unless an original classification authority determines:

(1) That the information meets one or more of the criteria set forth in subsection (b) below; and

(2) The disclosure of such information could reasonably be expected to cause at least significant damage to the national security. In the case of information provided in confidence by a foreign government or international organization, it is reasonable to expect that the breach of that confidence could cause significant damage to the national security.

(b) Classification criteria. The following, which apply equally to all three authorized classification designations, describe information which is classifiable if its disclosure could reasonably be expected to:

(1) Make the United States or its allies vulnerable to attack by a foreign power, or weaken the ability of the United States or its allies to conduct armed operations or defend themselves, or diminish the effectiveness of the United States' armed forces; or

(2) Lead to hostile political, economic, or military action against the United States or its allies by a foreign power; or

(3) Disclose, or provide a foreign nation with an insight into, the defense plans or posture of the United States or its allies; provide a foreign nation with information upon which to develop effective countermeasures to such plans or posture; weaken or nullify the effectiveness of a United States military, foreign intelligence, or foreign counterintelligence, plan, operation, project, or activity; or

Which type of information could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to national security if disclosed without authorization cyber awareness?

Which type of information can reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to national security?

What kind of information could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to national security quizlet?