Which of the following terms is an electrical disturbance that can degrade communications?

Glossary Chapter 8 802.11 Series of network standards developed by IEEE that specifies how two wireless devices communicate over the air with each other. See also wireless Ethernet standard. 802.16 Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. Newer network standard developed by IEEE that specifies how wireless devices communicate over the air in a wide area. See also WiMAX. ATM Short for Asynchronous Transfer Mode; service that carries voice, data, video, and multimedia at very high speeds. bandwidth The amount of data, instructions, and information that can travel over a communications channel. Bluetooth Network standard, specifically a protocol, that defines how two Bluetooth devices use short-range radio waves to transmit data. broadband Type of media that transmits multiple signals simultaneously. broadcast radio Wireless transmission medium that distributes radio signals through the air over long distances such as between cities, regions, and countries and short distances such as within an office or home. bus network Type of network topology in which a single central cable connects all computers and other devices. cable modem Digital modem that sends and receives digital data over the cable television (CATV) network. See also broadband modem. cellular radio Form of broadcast radio that is used widely for mobile communications, specifically wireless modems and cell phones. client/server network Network in which one or more computers act as a server, and the other computers on the network request services from the server. clients Other computers and mobile devices on a network that rely on a server for its resources. coaxial cable A single copper wire surrounded by at least three layers: (1) an insulating material, (2) a woven or braided metal, and (3) a plastic outer coating. See also coax. collaborate Work online with other users connected to a server. collaborative software Software that includes tools that enable users to share documents via online meetings and communicate with other connected users. communications Process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data, instructions, and information. communications channel Transmission media on which data, instructions, or information travel. communications device Any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device. communications satellite Space station that receives microwave signals from an earth-based station, amplifies (strengthens) the signals, and broadcasts the signals back over a wide area to any number of earth-based stations. communications software Programs that (1) help users establish a connection to another computer or network; (2) manage the transmission of data, instructions, and information; and (3) provide an interface for users to communicate with one another. cybercafé Coffeehouse, restaurant, or other location that provides personal computers with Internet access to its customers. dedicated line Type of always-on connection that is established between two communications devices (unlike a dial-up line where the connection is reestablished each time it is used). dial-up line Temporary connection that uses one or more analog telephone lines for communications. dial-up modem Communications device that can convert digital signals to analog signals and analog signals to digital signals, so that data can travel along an analog telephone line. digital modem Communications device that sends and receives data and information to and from a digital line. document management system System for storage and management of a company's documents, such as word processing documents, presentations, and spreadsheets. DSL Type of digital technology that provides high-speed Internet connections using regular copper telephone lines. DSL modem Modem that sends digital data and information from a computer to a DSL line and receives digital data and information from a DSL line. Ethernet Network standard that specifies no central computer or device on the network should control when data can be transmitted. fiber-optic cable Dozens or hundreds of thin strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit signals. FTTP (Fiber to the Premises) Dedicated line that uses fiber-optic cable to provide extremely high-speed Internet access to a user's physical permanent location. global positioning system (GPS) Navigation system that consists of one or more earth-based receivers that accept and analyze signals sent by satellites in order to determine the receiver’s geographic location. groupware Software that helps groups of people work together on projects and share information over a network. home network Network consisting of multiple devices and computers connected together in a home. hot spot Wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and other devices. intranet An internal network that uses Internet technologies. IrDA Network standard used to transmit data wirelessly via infrared (IR) light waves. ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network; set of standards for digital transmission of data over standard copper telephone lines. ISDN modem Modem that sends digital data and information from a computer to an ISDN line and receives digital data and information from an ISDN line. local area network (LAN) Network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, school computer laboratory, office building, or closely positioned group of buildings. mashup Web application that combines services from two or more sources, creating a new application. metropolitan area network (MAN) High-speed network that connects local area networks in a metropolitan area such as a city or town and handles the bulk of communications activity across that region. microwaves Radio waves that provide a high-speed signal transmission. network Collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media, allowing computers to share resources. network card Communications device that enables a computer or device that does not have built-in networking capability to access a network. See also network interface card (NIC). network standard Guidelines that specify the way computers access the medium to which they are attached, the type(s) of medium used, the speeds used on different types of networks, and the type(s) of physical cable and/or the wireless technology used. network topology Layout of computers and devices in a communications network. noise Electrical disturbance that can degrade communications. P2P Type of peer-to-peer network on which users access each other’s hard disks and exchange files directly over the Internet. See also file sharing network. PCS Personal Communications Services; term used by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to identify all wireless digital communications. peer-to-peer network Simple, inexpensive network that typically connects fewer than 10 computers. picture messaging Wireless messaging service that allows users to send pictures and sound files, as well as short text messages, to a phone, PDA, or computer. See also MMS (multimedia message service). receiving device Device that accepts the transmission of data, instructions, or information. RFID Short for radio frequency identification; standard, specifically a protocol, that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person. ring network Type of network topology in which a cable forms a closed loop (ring) with all computers and devices arranged along the ring. router Communications device that connects multiple computers or other routers together and transmits data to its correct destination on a network. sending device Device that initiates instructions to transmit data, instructions, or information. server Computer that controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information. See also host computer. star network Type of network topology in which all computers and devices on the network connect to a central device, thus forming a star. T-carrier line Any of several types of long-distance digital telephone lines that carry multiple signals over a single communications line. T1 line The most popular T-carrier line. TCP/IP Short for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol; network standard, specifically a protocol, that defines how messages (data) are routed from one end of a network to the other, ensuring the data arrives correctly. text messaging Service that allows users to send and receive short text messages on a smart phone or other mobile device or computer. See also SMS (short message service). token ring Network standard in which computers and devices on the network share or pass a special signal, called a token, in a unidirectional manner and in a preset order. transmission media Materials or substances capable of carrying one or more signals in a communications channel. twisted-pair cable Transmission media that consists of one or more twisted-pair wires bundled together. UWB (ultra-wideband) Network standard that specifies how two UWB devices use short-range radio waves to communicate at high speeds with each other. value-added network (VAN) Third-party business that provides networking services such as secure data and information transfer, storage, e-mail, and management reports. video messaging Wireless messaging service that allows users to send short video clips, usually about 30 seconds in length, in addition to all picture messaging services. visual voice mail Voice mail feature that allows users to view message details such as the length of calls and, in some cases, read message contents instead of listening to them. voice mail Service that functions much like an answering machine, allowing a user to leave a voice message for one or more people. Web conference Online meeting that takes place on the Web. Web services Set of software technologies that allows businesses to create products and B2B (business-to-business) interactions over the Internet. Wi-Fi Short for wireless fidelity; term for any network based on the 802.11 series of standards. wide area network (WAN) Network that covers a large geographic area (such as a city, country, or the world) using a communications channel that combines many types of media such as telephone lines, cables, and radio waves. WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. Newer network standard developed by IEEE that specifies how wireless devices communicate over the air in a wide area. See also 802.16. wireless access point Central communications device that allows computers and devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves or to transfer data wirelessly to a wired network. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) Network standard, specifically a protocol, that specifies how some wireless mobile devices such as smart phones can display the content of Internet services such as the Web, e-mail, and chat rooms. wireless Internet access point Location where people can connect wirelessly to the Internet using notebook computers, smart phones, handheld game consoles, or other devices. wireless LAN (WLAN) Local area network that uses no physical wires. wireless modem Modem that uses the cell phone network to connect to the Internet wirelessly from a notebook computer, a smart phone, or other mobile device.

Which of the following terms is an electrical disturbance that can degrade communications Group of answer choices latency noise coax hub?

Which of the following kinds of devices is any type of hardware capable of transmitting data?

Which of the following is the greatest problem with regard to a bus network?

Which of the following terms is the time it takes a signal to travel?