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question Profitable banks are ones that make good decisions on loan applications. Credit scoring is the statistical technique that helps banks make that decision. However, many branches overturn credit scoring recommendations, whereas other banks do not use the technique. In an attempt to determine the factors that affect loan decisions, a statistics practitioner surveyed 100 banks and recorded the percentage of bad loans (any loan that is not completely repaid), the average size of the loan, and whether a scorecard is used, and if so, whether scorecard recommendations are overturned more than 10% of the time. These results are stored in columns 1 (percentage good loans), 2 (average loan), and 3 (code 1 = no scorecard, 2 = scorecard overturned more than 10% of the time, and 3 = scorecard overturned less than 10% of the time). How well does the model fit the data? Predict with 95% confidence the percentage of bad loans for a bank whose average loan is $10,000 and that does not use a scorecard. Verified answer Recommended textbook solutions
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Chapters 1-7 Terms in this set (168)QUIZ ONE ... How does product placement in film and television demonstrate the principles of convergence? Viewers see a mix of normal programming and advertising content. Citizen journalism is popular in the field today because audiences can provide coverage of local events and news that big news organizations overlook Which is an example of technological convergence? A newspaper reporter also writes an article for a company's website.
In addition to reaching local television audiences, superstations also transmit content to national television audiences Synchronous media __________. media that take place in real time, such as live television or radio, that require the audience to be present during the broadcast or performance Which statement best describes the relationship between the television and the movie industries in the twentieth century The two industries have frequently competed for audiences. What was the first means of electronic communication? Telegraph What is one impact of social media on our privacy? Maintaining privacy is harder than it was before social media existed. What was the first twenty-four-hour television news network? CNN __________ media such as newspapers or magazines do not require the audience to assemble at any given time Asynchronous The correlation function of mass communication is important because __________ the media help individuals understand their roles within society and culture by interpreting events and issues and ascribing meaning to them __________ refers to the merging of Internet or telecommunications companies with traditional media companies, such as Comcast with NBC Universal. Economic convergence
The main functions of mass communication are cultural transmission, correlation, __________, and __________. surveillance; entertainment Many newspaper journalists are now expected to write stories and shoot videos. What broader convergence issue does this demonstrate? Communications professionals have multiple job roles today.
How do "centralized" media organizations operate? They control all aspects of media production and distribution. A danger of the entertainment function of mass communication is that __________. entertainment can perpetuate certain stereotypes What phenomenon is demonstrated when a show that's produced in the United States (Sex and the City, for example) becomes wildly popular in another country? Cultural convergence A significant area of convergence is the space produced by the melding of the television and the personal computer. Related to this, how is television different today compared to when it was first developed? Television is interactive and allows viewers to participate in shows by voting What is a primary characteristic of interpersonal communication? It is usually interactive or flows at least two ways. An example of user-generated content is __________ an original drawing done using illustration software QUIZ TWO ... Radio and recorded music have their own grammar, one that is based solely on _______. Sound Understanding media helps individuals comprehend the pervasiveness of information, how media influence our culture, and how media can ____________. Manipulate public opinion Media bias does not only occur in news stories. Entertainment media play an important role in _____________ and normalizing or demonizing certain types of behavior. propagating stereotypes In many developing countries, technology is not easily accessible because of __________. a lack of cell phones In Nigeria, many women who run market stalls in urban areas use mobile phones to easily coordinate prices with each other in different parts of the city. This is an example of how telecommunications can help facilitate ______________. A sense of community Entertainment media play an important role in normalizing or demonizing certain types of behaviors in society. Daytime talk shows may actually help diversify opinions and make controversial topics more acceptable. Among those taboo items discussed on talk shows are issues surrounding transgender youth and domestic violence. The visibility of topics may help further embed such subject matters in ____________ our popular culture landscape Media scholars on the left say that the media are not ___________ liberals but actually skew toward promoting conservative or at least corporate-friendly ideologies. biased towards As media consumers we take mental shortcuts in order to create meaning out of the information we receive in our everyday lives. The practice of __________ helps us to classify, organize, and interpret things into certain frameworks presented in the media. Framing One of the lead theorists of semiotics who helped coin the notion of signs was ____________. Ferdinand de Saussure The rise of user-generated content and social media directly challenges ___________, which have enjoyed largely unquestioned dominance of the public's attention throughout most of the twentieth century. Cable Access Stations Media critics have argued that there is a significant downside to media conglomerates and media monopolies. Greater concentration of ownership results in ___________, meaning that the public is poorly served. less diversity of media voices One underlying assumption of criticisms of media bias and media effects is that the public is largely passive and accepts unquestioningly the media it consumes. However, audience research has shown that audiences can be ___________ in interpreting and using media. quite active When consumers start to examine the content of media messages they can turn into media-literate viewers. One skill such viewers acquire is to look at the _________ of media content and identify who is being interviewed, who is being treated as an expert, and who is being quoted early on in the story— aspects that determine the overall meaning of the message. framing The changes in our media environment have created greater demand on our media-literacy skills and our digital media-literacy-skills. The problem of dealing with the enormous amounts of information available to us via the Internet and different media outlets is known as ________________. Information Overload Once you turn yourself into a media producer, you can challenge assumptions about how media are presented and the messages they send us as a society at large, and add your personal slant. If you were to take a commercial or music video and reconstruct it in order to assess your expectations, you would be able to present it ______________. from an alternative perspective. Media scholar Robert McChesney has observed that the media oligopoly of the leading nine media giants is not the only threat to the diversity of opinion and information. An additional threat is the fifty so-called ___________ that operate on a national or international level and generate more than $1 billion of business each year. Second-tier media companies The change from a point-and-click interaction with a mouse has been replaced by touch-screen swipes and "pinches" that help manipulate content. These features make us aware that _______________. there is nothing "natural" about how we use media today. The media grammar of television fiction uses many of the same techniques seen in movies. However, television production budgets are much _________ than movie budgets. smaller Stereotypes are presented so frequently that they seem to be _____________. Natural Advertising can play a major role in ____________ and promoting cultural norms, which has drawn criticism from advocacy groups around the country, who have turned to social media as an excellent platform to voice dissent. propagating certain cultural stereotypes QUIZ THREE ... Which of the following represents a challenge that might cause substantial changes in the book-publishing industry in the near future? Revenue streams from ebooks Without a literary agent, most new or unpublished writers have difficulty __________. publishing their work Muckrakers often reported for magazines rather than newspapers because __________. magazine deadlines were less time-sensitive Which of the following represents a form of print media designed specifically for surveillance? News blog Which of the following represents a form of print media designed specifically to entertain? Picture book Printing and distribution account for roughly __________ of newspaper production costs. 65% Because of "pass-along readership," newspaper readership is __________ circulation. Larger than Which part of the traditional financial model for paper books puts paper book publishers at a disadvantage to ebook publishers? ... The __________ was the first paperback form. Dime novel Advertising became the primary revenue source in the modern business model for newspapers because __________. the price of a newspaper did not cover printing and distribution costs One function of print media is the transference of the dominant culture, as well as its subcultures, from one generation to the next or to immigrants in order to help people learn how to fit into society. This process is also called __________. cultural transmission From the following list of historical developments in printing technology, which occurred in a geographically separate area from the others? Movable copper-alloy type The prominence of Thomson Reuters, which earns the majority of its revenue from electronic databases rather than printed books or journals, among publishers is a clear example of the way mergers and digital media are affecting the publishing industry, because __________. Thomson Reuters doesn't rely on printed books as its main source of revenue Magazines use higher-quality paper stock that gives them a unique distinction over newspapers. What is that distinction? Magazines are intended to be kept longer than newspapers. The most important function of modern newspapers is to inform the public about important events. This function is called __________. Surveillance Advertising space in newspapers accounts for roughly __________ of content in the typical daily U.S. format. 60 percent Most newspapers are __________. local One function of print media is to interpret and ascribe meaning to issues and events in order to help individuals understand their roles within the larger society and culture. This function is called __________. correlation The __________ was a newspaper format sold at a low price point in order to be accessible to everyone. Supported by advertising rather than subscriptions, it was meant to attract as large an audience as possible. Penny Press Which of the following examples represents a textbook that is likely to appeal to the widest cross-section of modern society? A history textbook that describes the goals of both sides of the Civil War QUIZ FOUR ... Which of the following best explains why FM radio is more popular than AM radio today? FM radio has less static, its dials are included in most automobile radios, and it typically has more local and diverse programming. Suppose the radio in your car utilizes a digital signal that charges a monthly or yearly subscription fee. What kind of radio station would you most likely be listening to? Satellite Radio Which of the following best summarizes the main difference(s) between satellite radio and "traditional" radio? Satellite radio is a subscription-based service with fewer limitations on content, better audio quality, and access to much larger territory than traditional radio. Which of the following best demonstrates the difference(s) between television and radio as broadcast media? Compared to radio, television is more expensive to transmit, has higher costs to produce, and is not as easily "played in the background" while participating in another activity such as driving or reading a book. At its inception radio received considerable financial support from which of the following? The U.S. military __________ is known as the "father" of radio broadcasting. Lee De Forest Kiss could best be described as belonging to which of the following musical movements? Glam rock band How do commercial radio stations make their money? From on-air advertisements Satellite radio is often of little use during emergency situations. Which of the following best explains why? Satellite radio utilizes computerized automated systems to play songs, and DJs often host remotely, making adaptation to a changing situation impossible. Which of the following would best be categorized as a noncommercial radio station? NPR DRM stands for which of the following? Digital Rights Management The recorded-music industry is similar to book publishing in what key way? Over half of the total sales volume in both industries comes from only a handful of artists/clients, numbering only in the hundreds. The basic business model in the recorded music industry can be divided into which three main parts? Creation, promotion, and distribution Radio stations are given call letters designating the station according to _____________. the geographic location in which they operate Suppose you want to start your own restaurant. Which of the following methods of obtaining seed money would best be described as crowdfunding? Posting the potential location, menu, and business plan to Kickstarter and setting up an appropriate funding goal. Which of the following best explains why radio is particularly important in developing nations? Radio is cheap to transmit and receive Which of the following is the best example of payola in the record industry? A record label giving cash or gifts to a disc jockey in order to secure airtime The gramophone used a flat disc to record sound rather than the cylinder that had been used up to that time. Who was its inventor? Emile Berliner ____________ labels produce the majority of music titles. Independent Labels In radio station programming, the 6 a.m. to 10 a.m. time period when most people listen to the radio as they get ready for work or school is an example of which of the following? Daypart QUIZ FIVE ... There are three primary means of distributing television programming. Which of the following is NOT one of them? Internet Two of the earliest and most famous Technicolor films, both released in 1939, have become classics in the history of American cinema. Audiences are still mesmerized by these movies, which have retained their appeal to large audiences. What are these two films? Gone with the Wind and The Wizard of Oz Sound film changed the landscape of movie-making forever. The first "talkie" offered audiences the experience of listening to recorded music. That film, which was released in 1927 and marks the beginning of sound on film, is _____________. The Jazz Singer What is the most-viewed series in television history? Broadcast on Music Television (MTV), this show paved the way for a sea change in television programming in which networks started to cater to a more fragmented and specialized audience. Jersey Shore The main channel for marketing movies is still __________. Television Advertising Some of the biggest television events involve sports. The Super Bowl draws the largest U.S. television audience each year. It is a near-perfect form of television because it _________. is at once topical and entertaining. Assuming that the American movie industry does adopt digital technology at all levels of production, movie audiences will be able to look forward to ___________. the improvement of picture quality (including 3-D) and sound In the future, new products may be offered to consumers through television as a result of freed-up bandwidth space. Such interactive services might include: video-on-demand The first cable television systems, called community antenna television, or CATV, were built non-commercially in what year? 1948 Target ads are geared toward specific consumer behavior. Television is trying to do what _______________ has/have been practicing for a while. Internet advertisers What change radically altered the videotape market in the 1990s? The move from videotapes to DVDs Which contemporary American film auteur directed the films Do the Right Thing (1988) and Miracle at St. Anna (2008) and often addresses topics that deal with race relations and controversial issues? Spike Lee According to the Society of Professional Journalists' code of ethics, what is the primary responsibility of the reporter? To tell the truth The primary function of the American motion picture industry is to ___________. entertain On average, how many hours per day a child between eight and eighteen spend in front of some kind of screen (TV, computer, or smartphone/mobile device)? 6.5 What are the two major functions of still images in society? Surveillance and cultural transmission Which female film producer worked with Stephen Spielberg to form Amblin Entertainment and is credited for her work on films such as E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), The Sixth Sense (1999), War Horse (2011), and Lincoln (2012)? She insists that the essence of a great film is _______________. Kathleen Kennedy; great storytelling An inventor outside the United States developed the daguerreotype, a method of developing a positive image on a metal plate. Daguerreotypes became popular during the American Civil War. The person credited with the invention is: Louis Daguerre What was the most-watched original series in the history of HBO cable television in the early twenty-first century? The Sopranos What was the highest-rated television program series of the 1970s that became infamous for bigotry? All in the Family QUIZ SIX ... By 2006 Nintendo had leapfrogged ahead of Microsoft and released this wildly popular console that included handheld motion controllers. Wii To date __________ has not been a major issue on the Internet, largely because Internet users tend to be well educated. Language Some psychologists argue that __________, which has even led to people collapsing and dying, is on the rise. Video-game Addiction An invaluable aspect of interactive media is how they change the ___________ of users. The dialogic nature of interactive media can personalize people's relationship with content. Media Experience The term Wi-Fi refers to wireless local-area networks based on the specifications laid out by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). There are about ________ public Wi-Fi hotspots in the U.S. 70,000 ATMs were the most common example of touch-sensitive screens before tablets and smartphones became common technologies. A drawback of touch-sensitive interfaces on computers is that they need to be __________. within reach of the screen Although translation programs for computers are improving, they still cannot match the quality of a human translator. What kind of service presents new possibilities in this area? Volunteer Translators In World of Warcraft, players create characters and go online to participate in quests or missions. They work with other players in real time using _________. Chats and Text Message Frequently changing channels could be considered a simple form of _________. Remote controls have changed our media behavior in subtle but important ways. Multitasking The Xbox 360 version of the video game ___________ was released in 2012 and has sold more than 10 million copies for the PC and more than 20 million across all platforms. Minecraft What Web browser, launched in 2008, is free and open-source, controls almost 20 percent of the worldwide browser market, and is second only to Internet Explorer? Firefox Streaming files can be shared on a P2P network in various ways without a centralized server. ____________ is perhaps the most popular file-sharing protocol on the Internet today. Swarming The ability to interact with the media and share one's specialized knowledge has ________ some news organizations as readers point out errors or bias in news content Embarrassed Which of the following features are added capabilities for the latest generation of consoles, such as Xbox One, PSA4, and WiiU? Voice commands and face recognition Video games—whose content is often borrowed freely from movies, television shows, and other areas of popular culture—demonstrate convergence in action. In return, some popular games have spawned movies. Video-game enthusiasts call this phenomenon ___________. Cross-Fertilization More than 82 percent of worldwide Internet users do not speak English as their first language. One indicator that non-English-speaking audiences may feel left out was when a large number of ________ joined the social-networking site Orkut. Brazilizans A crucial element for online communication to reach its full potential as a mass medium is which of the following features? Bandwidth Some symptoms of video-game addiction are dry eyes, carpal tunnel syndrome, and __________. lying to employers and family about gaming activities Because of their relative complexity, computers have more ________ than traditional media. The junction between medium and user, called user interface (UI ), is often taken for granted but may still present challenges to a computer novice. User Interface Issues Serious games, which entertain while also educating users about history and politics, are also known as _______. Applied Games QUIZ SEVEN ... In the traditional dissemination of information, media businesses controlled the distribution of all content and the public was unaware of the multitude of informational resources that were available to them. This imbalance was an essential part of both journalistic practice and the ____________ of reporters. professional identity Social-networking sites have become the most visible face of social media. The ability to ____________ on one's social network while allowing others to tap into that map by contacting other people in the network has become an incredibly powerful tool. Visualize and share information Politicians have learned from their predecessors' successes and failures in mobilizing voters for their campaigns via social media. In 2004, ___________ learned from Al Gore's failed presidential bid and used online tools to encourage supporters. Howard Dean ___________ is an example of how curatorial activities can enhance a website's relevance to a large part of the general population. On this site, viewers vote either positively or negatively on stories that have been submitted. The mainstream mass media are still relevant in current society. Their main function remains the _______________. Agenda setting function Social media expert Brian Solis defines social media as "a shift in how people discover, read, and share news and information and content" (188). According to him, social media represent a convergence of _________ and ______________. Mass communication; Interpersonal Communication Media professionals and librarians are _____________, but their roles are changing as a result of social media. the traditional gatekeepers of information and knowledge Companies can now track audience behavior with more detail than ever before. They can "see" what audiences are watching and doing while surfing the Internet and interacting with media. This growth of _________ has spawned entirely new businesses to tackle the amount of available data and weed out what is relevant and what is not. big data It is easy to overlook _______ as an element of social media, but its ease of use, prevalence, and capacity make it a powerful communication tool. It is the third-most popular Internet activity. To protect individuals from having their privacy invaded by social media platforms, the online advertising industry has been promoting a(n) __________ option for users. They can select this option if they do not want their online interactions tracked by advertisers. do-not-track India and China are the two most populous countries in the world. As the population is more and more able to afford ____________, these countries represent huge potential for social media. mobile phones The digital-media tools that facilitate the creation of content have played a major role in the _____________. Cheaper communication technologies allow more people to create media. rise of user-generated media content What is another fundamental difference between traditional media and social media? Social media are highly collaborative In the 1930s and 1940s, families congregated around the radio to socialize, listen to music and their favorite programs, and even dance together. Before the advent of multi-channel options, television had a similar effect, with family, friends, and colleagues watching the same show and discussing it together the next day. One example of this phenomenon was the public reaction to the popular original series The Sopranos. This show generated debate that was labeled _________. Water-cooler buzz Mass-communication businesses have to adjust swiftly to the changing global media landscape. They cannot afford to be idle. New and different media ecosystems are based on sharing as well as _____________ and ______________. collaboration; interaction Online reviews have become increasingly important to consumers' ability to _____________ items ranging from household goods to media products. decide to purchase Worldwide, the public today has more access to information and media choices than ever before. People can now interact freely over media and are no longer passive consumers. However, "more choice" does not necessarily mean ______________. better quality The immediate distribution of content is one of the key characteristics of Internet and social media outlets such as discussion groups, Facebook, email, and Twitter. Companies have had to adjust their self-promotion efforts to accommodate both changes in customers' access to information and online consumer reviews of services and products. The new focus on conversation is characteristic of the shift from _______ to _________ between companies (including media companies) a lecture; a dialog Some chatters in chat rooms monopolize the conversation and repeatedly post the same messages to get their point of view across. This practice is called ___________. Scrolling Before the advent of social media, audiences had to rely on different means of communication to voice dissatisfaction with broadcast content such as Archie Bunker's racist comments on the situation comedy, All in the Family, in the 1970s. If you were upset, you could _____________. write a letter to the editor of the local newspaper QUIZ EIGHT ... Journalist Edward R Murrow is known for what changes in the television news world? Setting the television news standard during TV's golden age Fairness and balance mean equal and just consideration of all sides of a topic. They do not, however, guarantee what? Equal space The Associated Press (AP) is well known for its core journalistic values and its commitment to ________. truth and accuracy Why did newspapers begin to suffer in the 1920s with the ascent of radio? Radio offered news more quickly than newspapers, and for "free." What organization spurred the news industry to become more impartial and objective? The Associated Press A key finding of the landmark Hutchins Commission report was what? The public has a right to information that affects it and the press has a responsibility to present that information. Why is the employment outlook for journalists in the digital age not good? It's largely a reflection of the state of the overall economy and related budget and staff cutbacks.
Which type of journalism engages the citizenry more actively in news creation and discussion? Public journalism News reporting that offers the same coverage to all relevant sides of an issue and all representatives of those various sides is known as what? Fairness What are three of the four main functions of mass communication in which journalism plays an important part? Surveillance, correlation, and cultural transmission The goal of objectivity in journalism is increasingly being replaced by what goal? Fairness and balance in news coverage "Man Bites Dog," a commonly used headline in beginning journalism classes, suggests that news becomes news when it is what? Extraordinary Which of the following publications most closely fits the definition of yellow journalism, embracing a sensationalist style of reporting? National Enquirer How do media organizations ensure that news coverage is not influenced by business decisions or advertisers? They prohibit interaction between reporters and the business office and advertisers. The rise of 24-hour news channels means what? There is much more of a news hole to fill. Why is attracting as large an audience as possible the goal for both print and electronic news distribution? It means a higher ad rate and more income for the media organization. What is yellow journalism? Sensationalized news that often is partly or wholly made up to be more dramatic Regardless of undergraduate major, what three skills are crucial for a successful journalism career? Writing, editing, and storytelling Which of the following became the first commercial news website to win a Pulitzer Prize? Huffington Post Which type of journalism developed in the early 1990s in response to dissatisfaction with media treatment of social and political issues? Public Journalism Sets found in the same folderCOM 100101 terms kilyafaison Mass Media Vocab81 terms kilyafaison Public Speaking Vocab97 terms kilyafaison Mass Media Quizzes P2147 terms
kilyafaison Other sets by this creatorHBSE P&E Ch 3 - The Biological Person64 terms kilyafaison Lección 12 Vocabulary59 terms kilyafaison Introduction to Family: Chapter 625 terms kilyafaison Introduction to Family: Chapter 1025 terms kilyafaison Recommended textbook solutionsMyers' Psychology for AP2nd EditionDavid G Myers 901 solutions Psychology: Principles in Practice1st EditionSpencer A. Rathus 1,024 solutions Myers' Psychology for AP1st EditionDavid G Myers 313 solutions Psychology1st EditionHOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT 1,007 solutions Other Quizlet setsManagement of H&N Radiotherapy Patients…121 terms gmmonette0Plus Test 3 Attendance Quizzes21 terms dannygibson95 APUSH CH 1, 2, & 3 Test Review55 terms Olivia_Covey1 Which technology in the 1980s dramatically changed how people watched television?As of 2010, nearly half of American viewers are watching television in high definition, the fastest adoption of TV technology since the introduction of the VCR in the 1980s (Stelter, 2010).
Which of the following people is best known for helping found cable television?"Ed" Parsons built the first cable television system in the United States that used coaxial cable, amplifiers, and a community antenna to deliver television signals to an area that otherwise would not have been able to receive broadcast television signals. In 1948, Parsons owned a radio station in Astoria, Oregon.
What was cable television initially developed to provide?Cable television originated in the United States almost simultaneously in Arkansas, Oregon and Pennsylvania in 1948 to enhance poor reception of over-the-air television signals in mountainous or geographically remote areas.
Which were used to promote television at the 1939 World's Fair?At the New York World's Fair in April of 1939, RCA introduced a TV with a five-inch screen to crowds. The crowds were mesmerized.
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Which of the following technologies was the first to lead audiences to expect more control over their television watching experience quizlet?
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