To maintain adequate health, we need to take in a certain amount of fluid per day. Depending on a patient’s condition, they may either be encouraged to drink fluids or limit their fluid intake. Fluid that is taken in is called intake. Fluids are usually measured using milliliters (mL). One cup of liquid is 8 ounces or 240 mL. The amount of food that is eaten can also be measured. This can be done by weighing the food prior to serving and subtracting the amount left to
get the total intake. Food intake can also be measured by determining percentage eaten. If all the meal is consumed, the intake is 100%. If none of the meal is consumed, the intake is 0%. A quarter of the meal consumed would be 25% and half the meal consumed would be 50%. The agency will specify the unit of measurement to be used. Intake and output calculation NCLEX review for nurses. This quick review will highlight how to calculate intake and output because these type of questions may be on your NCLEX exam or (definitely) on a nursing lecture exam. It seems like calculating I and O’s is self-explanatory, right?! Well, it can be tricky, especially calculating intake because many students get confused on what to include, how to convert from ounces to milliliters, and how to interpret the calculation. Don’t forget to take the intake and output practice calculation quiz after reviewing the material below. So let’s break it down! Lecture on I and O’sWhat is intake? These are fluids taken IN the body. It can be via various routes like the mouth, a tube, or intravenous (IV). What do you include for the liquids that are consumed? This includes anything that is liquid at room temperature like:
Many times test questions will give you the amount in ounces (oz), but we record intake and output in milliliters (mL). To convert oz to mL, simply multiply the amount of oz by 30. Example: 67 oz = 2010 mL Miscellaneous:
OutputWhat is output? These are fluids that LEAVE the body. It can be via various routes as well. What’s included:
Not included but needs to be considered is: insensible loss This is from the skin and respiratory system. It can’t be measured. According the Mosby’s Medical Dictionary, insensible loss is estimated to be 600 mL/day (“insensible water loss”, 2018). This varies depending on the patient’s activity level, temperature etc. Therefore, you want to take that in account when assessing if the patient is at risk for fluid volume deficient OR fluid volume overload. Interpreting Intake and Output
Example: Intake 4250 mL and Output 1210 mL…..patient is at risk for fluid volume overload. Intake and Output Quiz References:
When measuring intake and output you may need to convert ounces oz to milliliters mL what does 1 oz equal?Basic conversions:
= 1 cc. 1 ounce (oz.) = 30 ml.
Is intake and output in mL?Many times test questions will give you the amount in ounces (oz), but we record intake and output in milliliters (mL). To convert oz to mL, simply multiply the amount of oz by 30.
What unit is intake and output measured in?Measuring Intake and Output:
The unit used to measure I&O is the milliliter (mL). To measure fluid intake, nurses must convert household measures such as a glass, cup, or soup bowl to metric units. In household measures, 30 mL is equivalent to 1 ounce, 500 mL is about 1 pint, and 1000 mL is about 1 quart.
How does the nurse properly measure intake and output?How does a nurse appropriately measure intake and output? Rationale: All liquids consumed must be counted including liquids with meals, gelatin, custards, ice cream, popsicles, sherbets, and ice chips (recorded as 50% of measured volume [e.g., 100 mL of ice chips equals 50 mL of water]) for the intake record.
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When measuring intake and output you may need to convert ounces to milliliters?
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