The word “psychology’ comes from: a. Latin b. Spanish c. Greek d. Italian
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of: a. people and things b. emotions and beliefs c. perception and religion d. mind and behaviour
The scientific approach is more useful at answering questions about ______ than questions about ______. a. facts, values b. ideas, emotions c. values, facts d.
emotions, facts
According to the text, the lower level of explanation corresponds to ______ processes. a. social b. cultural c. biological d. interpersonal
A psychologist exploring the impact of a new drug on activity in the brain is working on the ______ level of explanation. a. lower b. middle c. upper d. all of the above
A psychologist studying what makes people laugh in different countries around the world is working on the
______ level of explanation. a. lower b. middle c. higher d. none of the above
Different people react differently to the same situation. This is referred to as: a. multiple determinants b. nativism c. the Simpson effect d. individual differences
______ is to nature as ______ is to nurture. a. environment, genes b. conscious, unconscious c. inaccuracy, accuracy d. biology, experience
The term “tabula rasa” highlights
the importance of ______ in shaping behaviour. a. genes b. experience c. nature d. predestination
The Greek philosopher ______ believed that knowledge is acquired through experience and learning. a. Archimedes b. Rousseau c. Plato d. Aristotle
______ is to nature as ______ is to nurture. a. Plato, Aristotle b. Aristotle, Plato c. Pliny, Archimedes d. Stavros, Pliny
______ is the belief that the mind is
fundamentally different from the body. a. mindism b. dualism c. centralism d. specialism
The school of psychology whose goal was to identify the basic elements of experience was called: a. experientialism b. dualism c. functionalism d. structuralism
Which of the following was most closely associated with the structuralist school of psychology? a. Titchener b. James c. Descartes d. Watson
Darwin’s theory of ______ argued that
physiological characteristics evolve because they are useful to the organism. a. extreme usefulness b. natural endowment c. natural selection d. natural wellbeing
______ was to structuralism as ______ was to functionalism. a. Wundt, Titchener b. Wundt, James c. James, Titchener d. Milner, Thompson
Freud championed ______ psychology. a. psychodynamic b. cultural c. conscious d. biodynamic
Which school of psychology
believes that it is impossible to objectively study the mind? a. functionalism b. behaviorism c. humanism d. socialism
Receiving an electric shock would be an example of a ______ whereas being frightened would be an example of a ______. a. stimulus, response b. punishment, reward c. reaction, emotion d. reinforcement, stimulus
Dr Pula wants to explore differences in child-rearing practices between British and Chinese parents. She is most likely
a: a. cognitive psychologist b. physiological psychologist c. cognitive-ergonomic psychologist d. social-cultural psychologist
Nature is to ________ as nurture is to ________. a. environment/genes b. conscious/unconscious c. genes/environment d. unconscious/conscious
Freud emphasized the role of ________ in shaping people’s personality. a. free will b. unconscious desires c. hormones d. group influence
Evolutionary
psychology has its roots in: a. behaviourism b. collectivism c. functionalism d. structuralism
Most human behaviour: a. can be easily explained b. has multiple causes c. stems from unconscious desires d. depends on social influence
A forensic psychologist would be most likely to study: a. the accuracy of eyewitness memory b. the impact of advertising on shopping behaviour c. the effect of hormones on decision making d. gender
differences in learning styles
The behaviourists rejected introspection because: a. it was too slow b. it invaded people’s privacy c. it yielded too much data d. it was too subjective
Another term for reinforcement is: a. stimulus b. reward c. response d. condition
East Asian cultures tend to be more oriented toward ________ while Western cultures tend to be more oriented toward ________. a. individualism/collectivism b.
collectivism/individualism c. cultural norms/social norms d. social norms/cultural norms
Watson and Skinner both contributed to which school of psychology? a. functionalism b. cognitive c. social-cultural d. behaviourism
Which field of psychology would be most likely to study the influence of over-crowding on conformity? a. personality b. cognitive c. clinical d. social