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What Makes CNNs So Useful?Using CNNs for deep learning is popular due to three important factors:
Deep learning workflow. Images are passed to the CNN, which automatically learns features and classifies objects. CNNs provide an optimal architecture for uncovering and learning key features in image and time-series data. CNNs are a key technology in applications such as:
Learn MoreHow CNNs WorkA convolutional neural network can have tens or hundreds of layers that each learn to detect different features of an image. Filters are applied to each training image at different resolutions, and the output of each convolved image is used as the input to the next layer. The filters can start as very simple features, such as brightness and edges, and increase in complexity to features that uniquely define the object. Feature Learning, Layers, and ClassificationLike other neural networks, a CNN is composed of an input layer, an output layer, and many hidden layers in between. These layers perform operations that alter the data with the intent of learning features specific to the data. Three of the most common layers are: convolution, activation or ReLU, and pooling.
These operations are repeated over tens or hundreds of layers, with each layer learning to identify different features. Example of a network with many convolutional layers. Filters are applied to each training image at different resolutions, and the output of each convolved image is used as the input to the next layer. Shared Weights and BiasesLike a traditional neural network, a CNN has neurons with weights and biases. The model learns these values during the training process, and it continuously updates them with each new training example. However, in the case of CNNs, the weights and bias values are the same for all hidden neurons in a given layer. This means that all hidden neurons are detecting the same feature, such as an edge or a blob, in different regions of the image. This makes the network tolerant to translation of objects in an image. For example, a network trained to recognize cars will be able to do so wherever the car is in the image. Classification LayersAfter learning features in many layers, the architecture of a CNN shifts to classification. The next-to-last layer is a fully connected layer that outputs a vector of K dimensions where K is the number of classes that the network will be able to predict. This vector contains the probabilities for each class of any image being classified. The final layer of the CNN architecture uses a classification layer such as softmax to provide the classification output. Designing and Training CNNs Using MATLAB
Using MATLAB® with Deep Learning Toolbox™ enables you to design, train, and deploy CNNs. MATLAB provides a large set of pretrained models from the deep learning community that can be used to learn and identify features from a new data set. This method, called transfer learning, is a convenient way to apply deep learning without starting from scratch. Models like GoogLeNet, AlexNet and Inception provide a starting point to explore deep learning, taking advantage of proven architectures built by experts. Designing and Training NetworksUsing Deep Network Designer, you can import pretrained models or build new models from scratch. Deep Network Designer app, for interactively building, visualizing, and editing deep learning networks. You can also train networks directly in the app, and monitor training with plots of accuracy, loss, and validation metrics. Using Pretrained Models for Transfer LearningFine-tuning a pretrained network with transfer learning is typically much faster and easier than training from scratch. It requires the least amount of data and computational resources. Transfer learning uses knowledge from one type of problem to solve similar problems. You start with a pretrained network and use it to learn a new task. One advantage of transfer learning is that the pretrained network has already learned a rich set of features. These features can be applied to a wide range of other similar tasks. For example, you can take a network trained on millions of images and retrain it for new object classification using only hundreds of images. Hardware Acceleration with GPUsA convolutional neural network is trained on hundreds, thousands, or even millions of images. When working with large amounts of data and complex network architectures, GPUs can significantly speed the processing time to train a model. NVIDIA® GPU, which accelerates computationally intensive tasks such as deep learning.
Learn MoreApplications Using CNNsObject DetectionObject detection is the process of locating and classifying objects in images and video. Computer Vision Toolbox™ provides training frameworks to create deep learning-based object detectors using YOLO and Faster R-CNN. Keyword DetectionAn example application of speech-to-text is keyword detection, which recognizes certain key words or phrases, and can use them as a directive. Common examples of this are waking up devices and turning on lights. Semantic SegmentationCNNs are used in semantic segmentation to identify each pixel in the image with a corresponding class label. Semantic segmentation can be used in applications like autonomous driving, industrial inspection, classification of terrain, and medical imaging. Convolutional neural networks are the basis for building a semantic segmentation network. MATLAB provides tools and functionality for all things deep learning. Use CNNs to augment your workflows in signal processing, computer vision, or communications and radar. How to Learn More About CNNsWhat should you do if a reporter asks you about classified information on the Web?. What should you do if a reporter asks you about potentially classified information on the web? Refer the reporter to your organization's public affairs office.
What is required for an individual to access classified information?§ 1312.23 Access to classified information.
Classified information may be made available to a person only when the possessor of the information establishes that the person has a valid “need to know” and the access is essential to the accomplishment of official government duties.
Which is a good practice to protect classified information?Which is good practice to protect classified information? Ensure proper labeling by appropriately marking all classified material. Which classification level is given to information that could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to national security?
What type of behavior should you report as a potential insider threat?An insider threat uses authorized access, wittingly or unwittingly, to harm national security through unauthorized disclosure, data modification, espionage, terrorism, or kinetic actions resulting in loss or degradation of resources or capabilities.
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