Show Understanding: • Transfer of electrons between carriers in the electron transport chain in the membrane of the cristae is coupled to proton pumping
Step 1: Generating a Proton Motive Force
Understanding: • In chemiosmosis protons diffuse through ATP synthase to generate ATP Step Two: ATP Synthesis via Chemiosmosis
Understanding: • Oxygen is needed to bind with the free protons to maintain the hydrogen gradient, resulting in the formation of water Step Three: Reduction of Oxygen
Summary: Oxidative Phosphorylation
Overview of Oxidative Phosphorylation Why are protons pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane?Transport of Metabolites across the Inner Membrane
The electrochemical gradient generated by proton pumping provides energy required for the transport of these molecules and other metabolites that need to be concentrated within mitochondria (Figure 10.12).
Why are protons pumped in electron transport chain?The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.
Where does the electron transport chain pump protons?The energy used in the electron transport chain pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inner matrix to the intermembrane space, producing a strong hydrogen concentration gradient.
When protons are pumped into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria?In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is facilitated into the Krebs cycle within the inner mitochondrial membrane. During the Krebs cycle, protons are extracted and are then pumped into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria against its concentration gradient.
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