Interest in leadership increased during the early part of the twentieth century. Early leadership theories focused on what qualities distinguished between leaders and followers, while subsequent theories looked at other variables such as situational factors and skill levels (covered in lecture). Another definition of leadership you may come across comes from Management and Relationship theory and defines leadership as transactional or transformational. Show
Transformational leadership is a type of leadership style that leads to positive changes in those who follow. Transformational leaders are generally energetic, enthusiastic and passionate. Not only are these leaders concerned and involved in the process; they are also focused on helping every member of the group succeed as well. The History of Transformational Leadership The concept of transformational leadership was initially introduced by leadership expert and presidential biographer James MacGregor Burns. According to Burns, transformational leadership can be seen when “ leaders and followers make each other to advance to a higher level of moral and motivation." Through the strength of their vision and personality, transformational leaders are able to inspire followers to change expectations, perceptions and motivations to work towards common goals. Later, researcher Bernard M. Bass expanded upon Burns original ideas to develop what is today referred to as Bass’ Transformational Leadership Theory.2 According to Bass, transformational leadership can be defined based on the impact that it has on followers. Transformational leaders, Bass suggested, garner trust, respect and admiration from their followers. The Components of Transformational Leadership Bass also suggested that there were four different components of transformational leadership.
References 1 Burns, J.M. (1978). Leadership. N.Y: Harper and Raw. 2 Bass,B. M,(1985). Leadership and Performance. N. Y,: Free Press. 3 Riggio, R.E. (2009, March 24). Are you a transformational leader. Psychology Today. Found online at http://blogs.psychologytoday.com/blog/cutting-edge-leadership/200903/are-you-transformational-leader Transactional leadership, also known as managerial leadership, focuses on the role of supervision, organization and group performance. This theory of leadership was first described in by sociologist Max Weber, and further explored by Bernard M. Bass in the early 1980s. Basic Assumptions of Transactional Leadership People perform their best when the chain of command is definite and clear. Workers are motivated by rewards and punishments. Obeying the instructions and commands of the leader is the primary goal of the followers. Subordinates need to be carefully monitored to ensure that expectations are met. This theory bases leadership on a system of rewards and punishments. Transactional leadership is often used in business; when employees are successful, they are rewarded; when they fail, they are reprimanded or punished. How Transactional Leadership Works In transactional leadership, rewards and punishments are contingent upon the performance of the followers. The leader views the relationship between managers and subordinates as an exchange - you give me something for something in return. When subordinates perform well, they receive some type of reward. When they perform poorly, they will be punished in some way. Rules, procedures and standards are essential in transactional leadership. Followers are not encouraged to be creative or to find new solutions to problems. Research has found that transactional leadership tends to be most effective in situations where problems are simple and clearly-defined. While transactional leadership can be effective in some situations, it is generally considered an insufficient and may prevent both leaders and followers from achieving their full potential. Which theory would the nurse describe as addressing the followers needed so that the interaction raises the follower to higher levels of motivation?Burns described transformational leadership as occurring when “two or more persons engage with others in such a way that the leader and followers raise one another to high levels of motivation and morality.” This theory differed significantly from older leadership styles, such as transactional leadership, because it ...
What is the application of Roger's diffusion theory quizlet?What is the application of Roger's diffusion theory? Roger's diffusion theory states that the key leaders should be involved in a change to infuse the energy from early adopters. Balancing short-term and long-term objectives is a principle of system thinking theory that balances decision making for quality outcomes.
Which principle of systems thinking theory involves the nurse focusing on the needs of all residents in a longThinking of the big picture involves the nurse explaining the needs of all units of the hospital or all residents in a long-term facility.
Which example would the nurse consider to be a part of systems thinking theory?Which example would the nurse consider to be a part of systems thinking theory? The systems thinking theory would describe the need to focus on all the residents in a long-term facility care facility.
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Which theory would the nurse use to encourage a follower to a higher level of motivation?
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