Which of the following occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues such as a speakers attractiveness?

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1. People who are motivated & able to think through an issue are best persuaded by

•  the elaboration likelihood model.
 •  peripheral route processing.
  •  central route processing
   •  heuristic route processing.

2. Which route of persuasion occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker�s attractiveness?

3. Which of the following is a characteristic of central route persuasion?

4. Which of the following list the primary components of credibility?

5. Over time the impact of a message from a noncredible source may _______ , a phenomenon known as the _______.

6. Physical appeal & similarity are two important factors that determine a communicator�s

7. Fear-arousing messages are more effective if they

8. In the study of age differences in attitudes, there is very little evidence for

9. Which of the following techniques has been used to stimulate people�s thinking in response to a persuasive message?

10. Attitude change that has occurred as a result of thoughtful, central route persuasion is most likely

•  to persist.
 •  go back to baseline.
  •  arouse positive emotions.
   •  arouse negative emotions.

11. According to the "sleeper effect" you might read an article, then

•  dismiss it as "lies"
 •  remember more of it the next day
  •  say that you had dreamed the information
   •  buy a product mentioned 4 or 5 times in the article
    •  forget where you read it, while remembering the information

12. Are high dosages of fear effective persuasion?

•  No, only small dosages of fear have any effect.
 •  Yes, scared people are always easier to persuade.
  •  No, fear always causes people to panic & to tune out the message.
   •  Yes, but only if the message contains strong arguments & advice on avoiding risks.

13. When people critically evaluate a message, they take the ________ route to persuasion. When they do not consider the message but focus on other cues, they are taking the ________ route to persuasion.

•  peripheral; central
 •  central; peripheral
  •  impersonal; personal
   •  personal; impersonal

14. As Bob listens to a speech advocating limits on campaign spending, he thinks about the arguments carefully. His approach reflects

•  elaboration.
 •  cognitive dissonance.
  •  psychological resistance.
   •  taking the peripheral route.

15. A computer company wants people to buy its new software. For the central route to persuasion, what length & degree of discrepancy should the ads use?

•  The longer & more discrepant
 •  Short but meaningful, with a great deal of discrepancy
  •  Long, but without repetition & with moderate discrepancy
   •  As short as possible & with as little discrepancy as possible

16. We are most inclined to perceive as likable those communicators who are

•  educated & verbally fluent.
 •  wealthy & socially established.
  •  powerful & politically connected.
   •  similar to us & physically attractive.

17. When faced with a counterattitudinal message, people in a positive mood are likely to

•  increase their need for thinking.
 •  use the central route to persuasion.
  •  experience negative attitude change.
   •  use the peripheral route to persuasion.

18. The peripheral route to persuasion is more likely to be chosen than the central route when the

•  source speaks expressively.
 •  audience is distracted.
  •  audience is interested & involved.
   •  message is really important.

19. Of the following, whether the communicator or the message has more impact on an audience depends most strongly on the audience's

•  personality.
 •  involvement.
  •  social class.
   •  educational level.

20. 14-year-old Linda wants to persuade her parents to allow her to go on a camping trip with a group of older friends. Which of the following tactics would help her weak argument?

•  Catch them in a good mood
 •  State her message as succinctly as possible
  •  Threaten to run away from home if she is not allowed to go
   •  Be straightforward about all the reasons for them to say yes

21. The central route for persuasion presents information with

•  emotions.
 •  image & style.
  •  personal appeal.
   •  strong arguments, analyses, logic, & facts.

22. You are presenting a scientific paper to a group of your professors, you would take

•  the central approach because the audience is most interested in the facts.
 •  the peripheral approach since your audience is likely to be much older than you are.
  •  the central approach because the audience is most interested in your presentation skills.
   •  the peripheral approach since the audience is most concerned with how interesting you can make the presentation.

23. If an audience is known to be initially opposed to a message, which type of communication will be most effective in changing the audience's attitudes?

•  one-sided
 •  two-sided message
  •  fear-inducing
   •  a message from a non-credible source

24. The Yale Communication (1950s) model on persuasion focued on all of the following characteristics except

•  source (communicator).
 •  outcome.
  •  audience.
   •  message.

25. Central routes of persuasion generally work on the ____, whereas peripheral routes of persuasion work primarily on the ____.

•  disposition; situation
 •  person schema; role schema
  •  cognitive component; affective component
   •  fundamental attribution error; self-serving bias

26.  Exposing people to weak attacks on their attitudes that stimulate thinking in support of the initial attitude is known as

•  attitude inoculation.
 •  the boomerang effect.
  •  psychological reactance.
   •  central route persuasion.

27.  A psychology of religion that tells us why a theist believes in God & an atheist disbelieves reveals nothing about

•  the source of the beliefs.
 •  the accuracy of the beliefs.
  •  the functions of the beliefs.
   •  how the beliefs could be changed.

28. Cults like the Unification Church & Jim Jones�s People�s Temple typically recruit & retain members by exploiting

29. Successful cults nearly always have

a lot of money.

a strong work ethic.

a charismatic leader.

an inordinate belief in the supernatural.

31. The success of cults can be explained by their effective use of

32. An analysis of cult indoctrination illustrates

33. Research on attitude inoculation suggests that religious educators are wise to avoid

34. Inoculation research suggests that

What occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues such as a speakers attractiveness?

Which of the following occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts?

What is an example of peripheral route persuasion?

What is an example of central route persuasion?