Nursing Ethics: Show
System of principles that govern the actions of the nurse in relation to patients, families, other health care providers, policymakers, and society •Codes of ethics •Implicit standards and values for the profession bioethics ➤Description Dilemmas for health professionals •Life and death Dilemmas created by technology ➤Illnesses that once led to mortality are now manageable and are classified as chronic
illnesses Answering difficult questions ‣What is safe care? •Balancing science and morality ‣Nurses must examine life and its origins, as well as its worth, usefulness, and importance health care decision •Decisions are made with the patient, family, other nurses, and
other health care providers value personal belief about worth that acts as a guide to behavior value system entire framework on which actions are based values clarification a process by which people attempt to examine the values they hold and how those values function as a part of the whole moral development forming a worldview and value system through an evolving continous, dynamic process that moves along a continuum of development Examining value systems •Nurses must examine their own value
systems; values clarification ethics acculturation integrity Worldview •Provides a cohesive model for life •Infants •Begin with no concept of right or wrong •School-age children •Learn that good behavior is rewarded and bad behavior is punished •Adolescent •Questions existing moral values & his or her relevance to society •Adult •Strives to make sense of the contradictions and learns to develop own set of morals and values •Moving toward moral maturity •Quality of complex health care decisions depends on the level of moral development of the professionals entrusted with decision making •Values essential for the professional nurse altruism, autonomy, human dignity, integrity, social justice altruism concern for the welfare of others; unselfishness autonomy right to self-determination human dignity respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations social justice acting in accordance with fair treatment regardless of economic status, race, ethnicity, age, citizenship, disability, or sexual orientation ethical theory & ethical principles can provide a basis for moving forward as a morally mature professional adult right of conscience •As a matter of the civil rights afforded to all members of United States
society, health care professionals have been afforded rights of conscience to practice their own convictions about what is right and ethical care. Rights of conscience have been brought in to focus primarily over the debate on abortion and euthanasia ethical theory •Definition: a system of principles by which a person can determine what ought and ought not to be done utalitarianism •Rooted in the assumption that an action or practice is right if it leads to the greatest possible balance of good consequences, or to the fewest possible bad consequences deontology •Rooted in the assumption that humans are rational and act out of principles that are consistent and objective, and compel them to do what is right purpose of ethical principles •Establish common ground among nurse, patient, family, other health care professionals, and society for discussion of ethical questions and ethical decision making autonomy •Principle of respect for the person: primary moral principle beneficence to promote goodness, kindness, charity Nonmaleficence •Implies a duty not to inflict harm veracity •Principle of truth-telling ethical decision making models -situation assessment procedure situation assessment procedure •Identify the ethical issues and problems bioethical dilemmas •Abortion; Reproduction issues: genetic screening, and cloning; Human Genome Project How is the term Ethics as applied to nursing best defined? Care based on keeping with the values of the client A family requests that no additional heroic measures be instituted for their terminally ill mother who has advance directives in place. The nurse respects this decision in keeping with the
principle of what client right? b. Autonomy An older adult client is comatose and had one electroencephalogram that indicated no activity. The daughter is very distraught and notices her mother's hand moves when she is talking to her. The daughter asks the nurse, "Is mother responding to my voice?" The nurse, attempting to console the
daughter, knows the movement was involuntary but states, "It does appear she did." The nurse is violating which principle of ethics? b. Veracity In attempting to decide which services should be offered to a community, the public health nurse decides to implement hypertension screening and treatment because most of the residents are
hypertensive. This decision is based on what ethical principle? c. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is an approach that is rooted in the assumption that an action or practice is right if it leads to the greatest possible balance of good consequences or to the least possible balance of bad consequences. On the basis of this principle, an attempt is made to determine which actions will lead to the greatest ratio of benefit to harm for all persons involved in the situation. A nurse is caring for a client who just consented to an elective abortion. The nurse is unsure of his or her own values as they relate to this issue. What action should the nurse take to address this barrier to providing effective care to the client? Reflect on one's personal values and how these values relate to beliefs and the philosophy of nursing Be prepared to defend his or her value system Ignore his or her own values and provide care Realize that values do not change and that they cannot be influenced by others and Reflect on one's personal values and how these values relate to beliefs and the philosophy of nursing When assessing an ethical issue, what is the nurse's first intervention? Ask, "What is the issue?" A researcher calculated the risk-to-benefit ratio and concluded that no harmful effects were associated with a survey of college sophomores. The researcher was applying which ethical principle? Beneficence The primary health care provider who insists on providing treatment in spite of the client's wishes because "I know best" is reflecting an attitude referred to as what? d. Paternalism The nurse who admits making a
medication error and immediately files an incident report is demonstrating what ethical principle? Accountability Two individuals with no health insurance or money sustained life-threatening injuries during an automobile accident. The decision was made to provide extended care in the trauma center after emergency surgery was performed to
save their lives. The care of the two critical clients was based on what ethical principle? b. Deontology Deontology is an approach that is rooted in the assumption that humans are rational and act out of principles that are consistent and objective and that compel them to do what is right. Deontological theory claims that a decision is right only if it conforms to an overriding moral duty and wrong only if it violates that moral duty. A 13-year-old female is brought to the family planning clinic by her enraged father, who has just learned that she is pregnant. The pregnant client states, "I want to have this baby and give it up for adoption." However, the father is adamant that she will disgrace the family and demands that the health care providers tell his daughter that she has a physical condition that would prohibit her from carrying this baby to a viable stage. The nurse realizes that this is a conflict that involves what ethical principle? a. Deontology b. Veracity During a seminar on ethics, the educator realizes that more information is needed when a participant describes which situation as a violation of the ethical principle of autonomy? An older person with advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease is denied the right to ambulate in the hallway. A mentally competent adult refuses medical treatment for the autoimmune disease A mentally competent visitor fell during visiting hours but refused to be examined A mentally competent adult with a broken wrist refuses to be given a local anesthetic prior to a procedure. An older person with advanced stages of Alzheimer's disease is denied the right to ambulate in the hallway. Autonomy is defined as personal freedom, the right to make choices. However, in this case, the patient is not able to be fully informed so they can clearly understand the choices being offered. A nurse who is infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) while working in the operating room seeks revenge by
deliberately placing clients at risk by not adhering to universal precautions. This nurse is violating what ethical principle? c. Nonmaleficence A client and her husband used in-vitro fertilization to become pregnant. The unused sperm was frozen so the couple could have more children later. The husband is killed while in combat, and the client journals her choices and the possible ramifications. She comes to the fertility clinic after looking at the situation from many perspectives and after considering many alternatives. She asks that the sperm be destroyed because her husband's faith prohibited remarrying, and allowing another person to use the sperm would conflict with her late husband's beliefs. When considering this scenario, the nurse realizes what? The client is in the second step of ethical decision making and that the client's value system is influencing her choices of alternative actions. A logical line of reasoning has led to validation of the decision to destroy the husband's sperm. The client has not been able to navigate the complicated issues inherent in this situation. A rational decision was reached that was based on reflection and on the value systems of the wife and the husband. A rational decision was reached that was based on reflection and on the value systems of the wife and the husband. A client is in extreme pain after he was involved in a motor vehicle accident, and morphine has been ordered every hour for pain. The nurse injects saline into the client's IV line and takes the morphine for herself. The nurse is violating which principle of ethics? c. Beneficence The Health Care Reform Act provides insurance for all U.S. citizens and legal residents presenting far-reaching ethical considerations related to diverse individual patient health care beliefs for those delivering nursing care. Nurses must consider their civil rights under the rights of conscience and how new health care agendas such as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) could affect their practice in situations that may conflict with their own belief system. What action demonstrates a nurse attempt to act in accordance with this responsibility? Remembering it is one's professional duty to render patient-centered care—even when it is in direct conflict with the nurse's own beliefs—or be held liable for withholding treatment. Considering whether the right to act according to one's inner beliefs will continue to be permissible when federal health insurance becomes fully enacted. Discussing with the patient and family different options in hopes they will accept the nurse's health care beliefs. Suggesting to the hospital administration that they not accept federal funding to prevent controversial health practices. Considering whether the right to act according to one's inner beliefs will continue to be permissible when federal health insurance becomes fully enacted. With federal funding, many controversial health care services will be covered and provided as part of patient care when desired by the patient; therefore, whether a nurse has autonomy to refuse to provide care may not be as clear even when one might request another patient. A patient returning from a procedure was somehow "skipped" when daily baths were performed and requests that care now be provided now. The nurse discovers the bed is a. Altruism Altruism is concern for the welfare of others, including willingness to help others when they are unable to get their assignments completed to ensure that the patient receives high-quality care. 18. In which case does the nurse act as "whistle-blower"? One staff member on the unit covers for another nurse, who leaves the premises to The nurse reports that another nurse is taking medications out of stock medicine for herself or himself. A nurse informs respiratory therapy that a patient is now due a treatment. The nurse delegating care to unlicensed assistive personnel makes rounds to ensure The nurse reports that another nurse is taking medications out of stock medicine for herself or himself. 1. Throughout their careers, nurses are in an ongoing state of acculturation, gaining experience from formal nursing school classes, clinical experiences, and the ethical issues they encounter in their clinical practice. What are the ideal outcomes of these ongoing experiences with cultural decision making? (Select all that apply.) Increased trustworthiness Enhanced ability to take into consideration many aspects of ethical situations Confidence to make decisions based on experience and ethical intelligence Improved clinical decision making and advocacy for patient autonomy Authority to make ethical decisions independently that meet personal moral beliefs Increased trustworthiness Enhanced ability to take into consideration many aspects of ethical situations Confidence to make decisions based on experience and ethical intelligence Improved clinical decision making and advocacy for patient autonomy Practicing nurses participate in employer-sponsored professional development classes that provide case studies related to ethical situations and decision making. Ethical considerations are debated among teams, and an expert helps the class arrive at the "best practices." The nurses are experiencing ethics ______________. acculturation Which ethical principles are included in the professional nursing code of ethics?The 7 ethical principles the Nursing Code of Ethics is based upon include beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, accountability, autonomy, fidelity, and veracity.
Which ethical principle is included in the professional nursing code of ethics quizlet?Which ethical principles are included in the professional nursing code of ethics? The professional nursing code of ethics includes advocacy, responsibility, and accountability.
Which ethical principles are included in the professional nursing code of ethics select all that apply quizlet?The professional nursing code of ethics includes advocacy, responsibility, and accountability. Advocacy means to support a patient's cause.
What are the 7 ethical principles in nursing?There are seven primary ethical principles of nursing: accountability, justice, nonmaleficence, autonomy, beneficence, fidelity, and veracity.
|
Which ethical principles are included in the professional nursing code of ethics quizlet?
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 de.ketajaman Inc.
