When caring for a client on droplet precautions which protective equipment would the nurse use quizlet?

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Terms in this set (19)

The nurse is caring for a client in isolation. The nurse needs to remove the isolation gown and gloves after leaving the client's room. Place the steps in correct order for removing PPE.
A) Remove gloves.
B) Use the nondominant hand to pull sleeve wristlet over the dominant hand.
C) Grasp outside of gown through the sleeves at shoulders.
D) Using the dominant hand and grasping the clean part of the wristlet, pull sleeve wristlet over the nondominant hand.
E) Fold gown inside out and discard.
F) Pull gown down over the arms.

Answer: A, D, B, C, F, E

The nurse caring for a client in an isolation environment decides to change the isolation mask. What is the most likely reason the nurse changes the mask?
A) The effectiveness of the mask decreased.
B) The mask became soiled by the client.
C) The mask was too uncomfortable.
D) The mas did not seal properly

Answer: A
Explanation: An isolation mask should be changed every 30 minutes or sooner because the moisture that accumulates in it decreases its effectiveness. The other answer choices may occur; however, these are not the most likely reason the nurse changes the mask.

The nurse exits a client's room who is in isolation precautions. The nurse must remove both protective eyewear and a face mask. Place the steps in the correct order of removing the PPE.
A) Untie the upper strings of the mask.
B) Dispose of the mask.
C) Remove the protective eyewear.
D) Untie the lower strings of the mask.

Answer: C, D, A, B

The nurse prepares to enter the room of a child who requires isolation precautions. Which actions will the nurse take to ease the child's fears? Select all that apply.
A) Introduce self before donning a mask, if possible.
B) Encourage the child to play with the equipment.
C) Visit the client frequently.
D) Group nursing tasks to decrease contact.
E) Encourage the child to walk the halls frequently.

Answer: A, B, C
Explanation: A child on isolation precautions is often scared of health care providers and the equipment used for isolation. In order to ease the child's fears, the nurse should introduce herself or himself before donning a mask, if possible. Encouraging the child to play with the equipment may decrease the child's fear and the nurse should visit the client frequently to establish rapport and get the child use to the nurse. Decreasing contact increases the child's social isolation and is not recommended. The child requires isolation precautions and walking the halls may not be appropriate.

The nurse cares for a client with bacterial meningitis. Which isolation precaution will the nurse apply?
A) Standard
B) Contact
C) Droplet
D) Airborne

C
Explanation: Bacterial meningitis is transmitted by contact with tiny droplets of mucus or airway
secretions from talking, coughing and sneezing and the nurse will implement droplet precautions. The other answer choices are not correct.

A home care nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding infection control precautions at home. Which statement will the nurse including in the teaching?
A) "Discard used dressings in a biohazard bag."
B) "Clothing soiled with blood can be laundered with the rest of your clothing."
C) "Disinfect reusable equipment and supplies with a bleach solution."
D) "If supplies need refrigeration, keep in the door of the fridge away from the light."

Answer: C
Explanation:The home care nurse will provide infection control teaching to clients and it is important to understand home care instructions for infection control. Teach the client to disinfect reusable equipment and supplies with a bleach solution. Used dressings should be discarded in the regular trash. Clothing soiled with blood or fluid should be laundered separately from the rest of the laundry. If supplies need refrigeration, the supplies should be kept in a bag and placed in the refrigerator

The nurse reviews the various isolation environments to prevent the spread of disease. What basic preventive practices are implemented with all clients and others to ensure disease transmission does not happen?
A) Standard
B) Reverse
C) Droplet
D) Airborne

Answer: A
Explanation: Standard precautions (previously known as universal precautions) are the basic preventive practices that are implemented with all clients and others to prevent the spread of disease. Reverse isolation is known as neutropenic isolation and occurs when a client is severely immunocompromised. Droplet precautions are implemented when conditions may be spread by respiratory droplets in the air. Airborne precautions are implemented when conditions my be spread by the air.

The nurse is caring for a client with cancer who is neutropenic. Which guidelines will the nurse follow regarding neutropenic precautions? Select all that apply.
A) Ensure the client does not receive any visitors.
B) Do not allow the client to receive fresh flowers.
C) Inspect the client's food trays to ensure no fresh vegetables are given.
D) Keep the client's door closed.
E) Ensure the client wears an N95 mask when outside of the room.

Answer: B, C, D
Explanation: A client who is neutropenic has a decreased level of neutrophils, which increases the client's risk for infection. The nurse should make sure the client does not receive fresh flowers or eats raw vegetables because these pose an increased risk of infection for the neutropenic client. Additionally, the nurse should keep the client's door closed. The neutropenic client may receive visitors; however, these should be limited to immediate family only and these visitors must comply with the neutropenic precautions. The client who is neutropenic should wear a regular surgical mask when outside the room; an N95 mask is not necessary.

The nurse cares for an older adult and recognizes the client is at increased risk for developing infection. Which condition poses the greatest risk of infection in the client?
A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Eczema
C) Glaucoma
D) Emphysema

Answer: A
Explanation: Diabetes mellitus, often found in older adult clients, increases the risk of infection and delayed healing. Eczema, glaucoma, and emphysema are common in the older adult; however, these do not pose the greatest risk of infection in the client.

The nurse cares for a client who acquires a healthcare-associated infection while in an isolation environment. Which action will the infection control nurse take that best responds to the client's condition?
A) Plan staff education on isolation precautions and proper hand hygiene.
B) Ask the client if he or she is performing hand hygiene.
C) Examine isolation equipment outside the client's room.
D) Plan staff education on the identification of client's at greatest risk for infection.

Answer: A
Explanation: Staff education is the priority when a client acquires a healthcare-associated infection while in an isolation environment. The priority teaching is on the proper use of isolation precautions and correct hand hygiene. Education on identification of client's at greatest risk is not the priority because infection control always begins with proper hand hygiene. Asking the client if he or she is performing hand hygiene does not help respond to the client's condition and the scenario does not indicate if the client is able to perform this action. While it is not inappropriate to examine isolation equipment, this intervention is not the best response to the client's condition and is not the correct answer choice.

The nurse must remove soiled equipment from a client's isolation room. Place the steps in correct order of how the nurse will remove the equipment.
A) Place equipment in an isolation bag.
B) Wash equipment with an antimicrobial agent.
C) Perform hand hygiene and don gloves.
D) Remove the isolation bag.

Answer: C, B, A, D

The nurse cares for a client with norovirus. Which action by the nurse regarding the isolation precautions should the nurse perform?
A) Using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after leaving the client's room.
B) Placing the client in a negative-pressure room.
C) Using soap and water only when leaving the client's room.
D) Donning sterile gloves when entering the client's room.

Answer: C
Explanation: Enteric contact precautions are used for clients with active infection of pathogens such as C.difficile, rotavirus, or norovirus in the intestinal tract. The pathogens are transmitted in the client's stool. Healthcare personnel must only perform soap and water hand washing instead of using an alcohol-based hand rub because the alcohol is not effective in removing the pathogens from the hands. Placing the client in a negative-pressure room and donning sterile gloves when entering the client's room are not appropriate.

A staff nurse asks the charge nurse the difference between airborne and droplet precautions. How will the charge nurse respond?
A) "Droplet precautions require the use of an N95 mask, while airborne precautions do not."
B) "Airborne precautions require the use of an N95 mask, while droplet precautions do not."
C) "They are actually the same except some agencies use different terms for these precautions."
D) "Droplet precautions are considered one-tier and airborne precautions are considered two-tier."

Answer: B
Explanation: Both droplet and airborne precautions are two-tier transmission-based precautions. Airborne precautions require the use of an N95 mask, while droplet precautions do not. Airborne illnesses are transmitted through the air while droplet-transmitted illnesses are transmitted through droplets from secretions in the airway. These precautions are not the same.

The nurse cares for a group of clients with infectious diseases or conditions. Which conditions can the nurse use a waterless antiseptic gel for hand hygiene? Select all that apply.
A) Clostridium difficile
B) Hepatitis B
C) Norovirus
D) Staphylococcus aureus
E) Escherichia coli

Answer: B, D, E
Explanation: Waterless antiseptic hand gels are appropriate for most viruses and bacteria. Hepatitis B, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli are all killed by these hand gels. However, C. difficile and Norovirus are not killed by these hand gels and are only eliminated with traditional hand washing with soap and water.

The nurse is caring for a client suspected of having tuberculosis. The nurse must don an N95 particulate mask. Place the steps in correct order for donning this mask.
A) Position the mask over the mouth and nose.
B) Pull the strap over the head.
C) Pull the shorter strap over the head, below the ears.
D) Hold the mask in the hands with the nosepiece towards the fingertips.

Answer: D, A, B, C
Explanation: A) When donning an N95 particulate mask, the nurse will first hold the mask in the hands with the nosepiece towards the fingertips. Next, the nurse will position the mask over the mouth and nose. Next, the nurse will first pull the strap over the head. Finally, the nurse will pull the shorter strap over the head, below the ears.

The nurse needs to remove an isolation gown that slips over the head. How will the nurse remove the gown?
A) Pull the shoulders forward to loosen the Velcro at the neck.
B) Tear the gown at the neck.
C) Pull the sleeves over the hands to loosen the gown.
D) Pull the gown over the head inside out.

Answer: A
Explanation: Some isolation gowns slip over the head instead of tying at the neck. When removing this type of gown, the nurse will pull the shoulders of the gown forward to loosen the Velcro at the neck. The nurse will then remove the gown in the manner as if the gown were tied in the back.

A novice nurse works with a nurse preceptor on a busy medical surgical unit. Which action by the novice nurse requires intervention by the nurse preceptor when observing the novice nurse performing hand hygiene?
A) Washing hands with warm soapy water for 15 seconds.
B) Using a waterless foam sanitizer before entering the room of a client.
C) Cleaning under the fingernails with an orangewood stick.
D) Drying hands thoroughly with fingers pointing up.

Answer: A
Explanation: The novice nurse should wash hands with warm soapy water for at least 20 seconds, not 15. Inadequate washing time decreases the efficacy of hand hygiene. Using a waterless foam sanitizer before entering the room of a client, cleaning under the fingernails with an orangewood stick, and drying hands thoroughly with fingers pointing up are all correct methods in hand hygiene.

The nurse teaches an older adult client on methods of infection control. Which statement, specific to this client population, will the nurse include in the teaching?
A) "Ensure increased protein intake in order to maintain immune function."
B) "Inflammatory response increases with age."
C) "Immune function remains unchanged with age."
D) "Ensure adequate protein intake in order to maintain immune function."

Answer: D
Explanation: In order to promote methods of infection control in the older adult, the nurse will encourage adequate (not increased) protein intake in an effort to maintain immune function." Inflammatory response decreases, not increases with age and immune function decreases with ages as well.

The nurse is removing gloves after performing client care activities. Place the steps in correct order for removing gloves.
A) Pull off one glove by touching the outside of the glove at the cuff.
B) Slip one finger of ungloved hand under glove cuff of other hand.
C) Pull down and off so both gloves are removed as one.
D) Roll up glove and place in gloved hand.

Answer: A, D, B, C
Explanation: A) When removing gloves, pull off one glove by touching the outside of the glove at the cuff; roll up the glove and place in the gloved hand; slip one finger of the ungloved hand under the glove cuff of the other hand; pull down and off so both gloves are removed as one.

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