When and how often is your firm required to provide a privacy notice describing its privacy policies to customers?

Overview Rules Notices Guidance News Releases Investor Education

Protection of financial and personal customer information is a key responsibility and obligation of FINRA member firms. Under the SEC’s Regulation S-P, firms are required to have policies and procedures addressing the protection of customer information and records. This includes protecting against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of customer records and information and against unauthorized access to or use of customer records or information.  The rule also requires firms to provide initial and annual privacy notices to customers describing information sharing policies and informing customers of their rights.

Additionally, Regulation S-ID requires member firms that offer or maintain covered accounts to develop and implement written identity theft prevention programs.

Firms should be aware that customer information and records can be compromised in a variety of ways. This is especially true for firms that offer online, Web-based access to trading platforms and customer account information. Firms must understand and address the potential risks of brokerage account intrusions, whereby an unauthorized person gains access to a customer account and either steals available assets or misuses the account to manipulate the market.

Intrusions are generally accomplished through the theft of the login credentials of a customer or firm employee.  Accounts have also been breached through fake electronic instructions (e.g., email requests for funds transmittals).  Since this type of illicit activity can raise both investor protection and market integrity concerns, it is essential that firms use reasonable measures to protect customer information and assets. FINRA Rule 3110 specifically requires firms to adopt procedures concerning transmittals of customer funds that include a means of customer confirmation.


If a Customer's Account or Data is Compromised

  • Contact your FINRA Coordinator and the SEC immediately.
  • Review this Checklist to determine next steps.
  • You may need to contact state and other relevant regulatory authorities.  State laws may require specific reporting procedures
  • Consider whether or not the incident should be reported to FinCEN as a suspicious activity.

2022 Report on FINRA’s Examination and Risk Monitoring Program

The Cybersecurity and Technology Governance and Anti-Money Laundering sections of the 2022 Report on FINRA’s Risk Monitoring and Examination Activities (the Report) informs member firms’ compliance programs by providing annual insights from FINRA’s ongoing regulatory operations, including (1) relevant regulatory obligations and related considerations, (2) exam findings and effective practices, and (3) additional resources.

Contact OGC

FINRA's Office of General Counsel (OGC) staff provides broker-dealers, attorneys, registered representatives, investors and other interested parties with interpretative guidance relating to FINRA’s rules. Please see Interpreting the Rules for more information.

OGC staff contact:
Jeanette Wingler
FINRA, OGC
1735 K Street, NW
Washington, DC 20006
(202) 728-8000
 

Related: Cybersecurity

  • Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks on Member Firms

    Fri, 06/19/2015 - 12:00

  • SEC Approves New Supervision Rules

    Wed, 03/19/2014 - 12:00

  • SEC Requests Broker-Dealers Make SARs and SAR Information Available to FINRA

    Fri, 02/10/2012 - 12:00

  • Verification of Emailed Instructions to Transmit or Withdraw Assets From Customer Accounts

    Thu, 01/26/2012 - 12:00

  • Verification of Instructions to Transmit or Withdraw Assets from Customer Accounts

    Fri, 11/13/2009 - 12:00

  • FINRA Clarifies Guidance Relating to SEC Regulation S-P under Notice to Members 07-06 (Special Considerations When Supervising Recommendations of Newly Associated Registered Representatives to Replace Mutual Funds and Variable Products)

    Mon, 08/13/2007 - 12:00

  • SEC Approves Rule 2342 Setting Forth Requirements for Providing SIPC Information to Customers

    Fri, 06/08/2007 - 12:00

  • NASD Reminds Members of Their Obligations Relating to the Protection of Customer Information

    Thu, 07/28/2005 - 12:00

  • Members' Responsibilities When Outsourcing Activities to Third-Party Service Providers

    Fri, 07/22/2005 - 12:00

  • Treasury Issues Final Suspicious Activity Reporting Rule for Broker/Dealers

    Mon, 08/12/2002 - 12:00

  • 2022 Report on FINRAs Examination and Risk Monitoring Program

    The Anti-Money Laundering section of the 2022 Report on FINRA’s Risk Monitoring and Examination Activities (the Report) informs member firms’ compliance programs by providing annual insights from FINRA’s ongoing regulatory operations, including (1) relevant regulatory obligations and related considerations, (2) exam findings and effective practices, and (3) additional resources.

    February 09, 2022

  • 2022 Report on FINRAs Examination and Risk Monitoring Program

    The Cybersecurity and Technology Governance section of the 2022 Report on FINRA’s Risk Monitoring and Examination Activities (the Report) informs member firms’ compliance programs by providing annual insights from FINRA’s ongoing regulatory operations, including (1) relevant regulatory obligations and related considerations, (2) exam findings and effective practices, and (3) additional resources.

    February 09, 2022

  • 2021 Report on FINRAs Examination and Risk Monitoring Program

    The Anti-Money Laundering (AML) section of the 2021 Report on FINRA’s Risk Monitoring and Examination Activities (the Report) informs member firms’ compliance programs by providing annual insights from FINRA’s ongoing regulatory operations, including (1) relevant regulatory obligations and related considerations, (2) exam findings and effective practices, and (3) additional resources.

    February 01, 2021

  • 2019 Exam Findings Report

    The Observations on Cybersecurity section of the 2019 Report on Exam Findings informs member firms’ compliance programs by describing recent findings and observations from FINRA’s examinations, and, in certain cases, also providing a summary of effective practices.

    October 16, 2019

  • 2017 Exam Findings Report

    The Cybersecurity section of the 2017 Report on Exam Findings informs member firms’ compliance programs by describing recent findings and observations from FINRA’s examinations, and, in certain cases, also providing a summary of effective practices.

    December 06, 2017

  • Guidance

    FINRA is conducting an assessment of firms’ approaches to managing cyber-security threats. FINRA is conducting this assessment in light of the critical role information technology (IT) plays in the securities industry, the increasing threat to firms’ IT systems from a variety of sources, and the potential harm to investors, firms, and the financial system as a whole that these threats pose.

    January 01, 2014

  • 2021 Report on FINRAs Examination and Risk Monitoring Program

    The Cybersecurity and Technology Governance section of the 2021 Report on FINRA’s Risk Monitoring and Examination Activities (the Report) informs member firms’ compliance programs by providing annual insights from FINRA’s ongoing regulatory operations, including (1) relevant regulatory obligations and related considerations, (2) exam findings and effective practices, and (3) additional resources.

  • Compliance Tools

    What should your firm do after it discovers that customers’ accounts have been compromised?

  • Guidance

    FINRA has created this page to educate member firms on “Firm Identity Theft”.

  • Guidance

    The Red Flags Rule requires that each "financial institution" or "creditor" --which include most member firms--implement a written program to detect, prevent and mitigate identity theft in connection with the opening or maintenance of "covered accounts."

  • June 02, 2016

  • June 22, 2015

  • August 06, 2013

  • January 26, 2012

  • October 05, 2009

  • Investor Alert

    Your brokerage firm has an obligation to safeguard your personal financial information. And every investor should take time to understand their firm’s cybersecurity procedures. But even the best procedures cannot prevent all instances of identity theft—especially if the vulnerability lies with you, the customer. Here are critical steps you can take to safeguard your financial accounts and help prevent identity theft.

  • Investor Alert

    FINRA is updating this Alert to tell you about some of the latest online identify theft scams targeting financial sector customers and to provide tips for spotting and avoiding these scams.

When should privacy notices be provided?

You must provide an "initial notice" by the time the customer relationship is established. If this would substantially delay the customer's transaction, you may provide the notice within a reasonable time after the customer relationship is established, but only if the customer agrees.

How often must a customer receive a privacy notice?

A financial institution must provide an annual notice at least once in any period of 12 consecutive months during the continuation of the customer relationship unless an exception to the annual privacy notice requirement applies. Generally, new privacy notices are not required for each new product or service.

When must a financial institution provide a customer with a privacy notice?

Section 216.10(a)(1) of the Privacy Rule provides that a financial institution may not share a consumer's nonpublic personal information unless the institution has given the consumer an initial privacy notice, an opt out notice, and a reasonable opportunity to opt out, and the consumer has not opted out.

Are privacy notices required for consumers?

(a) How to provide notices. You must provide any privacy notices and opt out notices, including short-form initial notices, that this part requires so that each consumer can reasonably be expected to receive actual notice in writing or, if the consumer agrees, electronically.