Computers, in easy words, are devices that perform a set of functions according to their users’ instructions. Computers have completely transformed the way we perform all daily tasks. To further maximize their potential, we must learn the core components of a computer system in detail Show A computer device is built up of several elements which assist in its effective functioning and processing. There are three basic components of the computer which serve in making this processing of data simpler and convenient. The three basic components are Input Unit, Output Unit, and CPU. Through this article, we shall learn about the basic components of the computer followed by their functions. Check out Types of Computer Network Topology here.
Components of Computer SystemA computer includes some basic elements. These incorporate hardware, software, programs, data, and connectivity. No computer can operate in the lack of these elements. Apart from these elements, by definition, components of a computer system are the fundamental elements that make the functioning of electronic equipment smooth and faster. There are three basic components which include:
While there are additional components as well, these three are primarily accountable for making a computer function. Hence, these are also called building blocks of a computer system. All types of computers follow the same basic logical structure as follows:
Know more about Microsoft Windows here. Input UnitThis part of the computer encapsulates devices with the help of which the user feeds data to the computer. It creates an interface between the user and the computer. The input devices transform the information into a form acceptable by the computer. Data can be in the form of numbers, actions, words, directions, instructions, etc. Computers then practice their CPU to process this data and deliver output. For instance, a computer keyboard is an input unit that enters symbols, numbers, and characters. Likewise, even a mouse works as an input unit for entering commands and directions. Other examples of input devices include JoyStick, Optical Mark Reader (OMR), Light pen, Magnetic Ink Card Reader (MICR), Track Ball, Graphic Tablet, Scanner, Microphone, Optical Character Reader (OCR), Barcode Reader, etc. Central Processing Unit (CPU)The Central Processing Unit or CPU is also known as the brain of the computer. CPU executes all types of data processing functions. It saves data/intermediate results/instructions (program) and controls the operation of all parts of the computer. Following are the points to remember for Central Processing Unit (CPU):
The CPU itself has the following three components.
Learn more about Computer Fundamentals, here. Memory or Storage UnitThis part of the computer system works to store instructions, data, and intermediate results. This unit passes data to other parts of the computer when required. It is also referred to as an internal storage unit or most commonly, the main memory or the primary storage or Random Access Memory (RAM). It comes in various speeds, power, and capability. Primary memory and secondary memory are two important types of memories used in the computer system. Responsibilities of the memory unit are:
Control UnitThis unit manages the operations of all parts of the computer but does not carry out any calculations or comparisons or actual data processing operations. Responsibilities of this unit are :
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)This unit consists of two subsections namely,
Know more about Computer Abbreviations here. Output UnitThis part of the computer encapsulates devices with the help of which the user receives the information from the computer. Output devices transform the output from the computer into a form understandable by the users. Thus, output units generate the data formatted by the computer as per users’ interests. Some of the output devices are; Monitor, Printer, projector, speakers, headphones, etc. Stay tuned to the Testbook app or visit the testbook website for more updates on similar topics from computer Awareness and numerous such subjects and can even check the test series available to test your knowledge regarding various exams. Components of Computer FAQsQ.1 A computer involves how many types of memory? Ans.1 Q.2 What are the three major parts of the CPU? Ans.2 The three major parts of the CPU are:
Q.3 The Mathematical and logical functions are carried out by which unit of CPU? Ans.3 Q.4 What are the operations performed by the ALU? Ans.4 Q.5 What are the 3 fundamental components of a computer? Ans.5
What are the 2 components of CPU?There are 2 parts of the CPU: The ALU and Control Unit. The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic operations (such as addition and subtraction) and logical operations (such as comparing two values). The Control Unit deciphers and carries out instructions.
What are the two important components of CPU quizlet?(1) Control Unit this part controls the input and output devices. (2) Arithmetic Logic Unit this is the part that does all the working out: it does all the maths and makes the decisions.
What are the main components of a CPU?It is the component that regulates all internal and external devices and implements arithmetic and logic operations to perform the set of instructions saved in the computer's memory.. Components of CPU. A CPU includes three major components that are as follows −. Register Set. ... . ALU. ... . Control Unit.. What are the two functions that a CPU performs choose two?This unit's functions are as follows: It is in charge of controlling the transfer of data and instructions among the various components of a computer. It manages and coordinates all of the computer's units. It reads instructions from memory, interprets them, and directs the computer's operation.
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