 Show Explore 10000+ Free essay examples From a psychological perspective, the term cognition means ________. A. determining thinking ________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. A. beliefs concepts A(an) ________ is the best example, or representation, of
a concept. A. amalgamation prototype ________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics that are always exhibited, such as what defines different basic shapes. A. absent artificial A(an) ________ is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts. A. idea schema ________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. A. cognition cognition A(an) ________ schema is also known as a cognitive script. A. artificial event Which term describes a
communication system that uses systematic rules to organize words to transmit information from one individual to another? A. concept language Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language? A. grammar lexicon A(an) ________ is a basic sound unit of a given language. A. audio phoneme A ________ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning. A. letter morpheme Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words? A. interpretation sematics From ________ months old, children are most capable of using simple sentences such as “I see.” A. 0 to 5 18 to 24 A(an) ________ involves approaching a problem in a way that has worked in the past, but it is clearly no longer working. A. anchoring bias mental set Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for? A. anchoring bias functional fixedness What is confirmation bias? A. believing the event you just experienced was predictable focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs Raymond Cattell was a psychologist who ________. A. believed intelligence consisted of one general factor, called g divided intellifence into two componets ________intelligence is marked by inventing or imagining a solution to a problem or situation. A.
analytic creative The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________. A. analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence? A. Charles Spearman Robert Sternberg Scientists who study cognition are searching for ways to understand how we ________, organize, and utilize our conscious cognitive experiences without being aware of all of the unconscious work that our brains are doing. A. infiltrate
integrate Not all aspects of cognition are ________. A. consciously experienced consciously experienced ________ and ________ are powerful influences on both our thoughts and behaviors. A. emotion; memory emotion;memory Sensations and information are received by our brains, filtered through emotions and memories, and processed to become ________. A. actions thoughts In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: ________ and ________. A. known; unknown natural;artificial Natural concepts are mental groupings created naturally through our ________. A. behaviors experiences The fact that English grammar dictates that most verbs end in-ed to indicate past tense is an example of the ________ component of language. A. grammar grammar The word ________ is both a morpheme and a phoneme. A. Bob I Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a ________ concept. A. model natural Knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film Jurassic Park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ________ experience. A. direct indirect Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes he is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way. A. artificial role After the first few months of life, babies enter what is known as the ________ stage, during which time they tend to produce single syllables, such as buh-buh, that are repeated over and over. A. babbling babbling Which researchers suggested that language determines thought? A. Charles Spearman and Howard Gardner Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________. A. confirmation bias mental set An anchoring bias occurs when you focus on ________. A. direct experience versus indirect experience one piece of information versus all of the information Carmela believes her assistant, Lian, is incompetent. She notices only what Lian does wrong while ignoring the above average quality of most of her work. This exemplifies ________ bias. A. anchoring confirmation Niaz’s car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies ________. A. anchoring bias hindsight bias Ilayda assumes that her professors spend their free time reading books and engaging in intellectual conversation, because the idea of them spending their time playing volleyball or visiting an amusement park does not fit in with her stereotypes of professors. This exemplifies ________. A. availability heuristic representational bias Illnesses such as diabetes and stomach cancer kill more than twice the number of Americans than murder or car accidents. However, Zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn’t know anyone with diabetes or stomach cancer. Therefore, Zale takes more precautions against car accidents. This exemplifies ________. A. algorithm availability heurstic Navigating your way home through an unfamiliar route due to road construction would draw upon your ________ intelligence. A. analytic fluid Tasks that require you to compare, contrast, or evaluate are using the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence. A. academic analytical Kai cuts her foot while hiking. She forgot to pack bandages, but she has a tube of superglue and uses that to seal the wound. Kai’s ability to invent a solution uses the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence. A. analytic creative Anwar dresses for a cold fall day and steps outside to find it sunny and hot. He goes back inside to change out of his sweater and jeans into a shirt and shorts. Anwar is demonstrating the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence. A. analytic practical Emily is an adult with a 4th-grade skill level in reading, writing, and math. Her doctor suggests there is no reason she can’t find a job and live independently. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Emily? A. mild mild Reth is known for his ability and interest in writing. He won an award for his short story, “A Bear in the Woods,” and was named Young Poet of the Year at his high school. He is currently working on a book titled, When Harry Potter Attacks. This exemplifies ________ intelligence. A. linguistic linguistic Mel is an adult who can take care of his basic needs, but he requires oversight while he paints and someone to check on his living conditions daily. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Mel? A. mild severe Nima excels at working with numbers in subjects such as calculus and algebra. This exemplifies ________ intelligence. A. bodily kinesthetic logical-mathematical Which of the following is key to generating a bell curve? A. Flynn effect sample size Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments and can easily learn new songs and rhythms. This exemplifies ________ intelligence. A. linguistic musical Which of the following is an example of an abstract, complex concept? A. categories of psychology patriotism Lauren is gifted in the area of body movement. Her ability to balance and coordinate her body’s movement enables her to do well in basketball, baseball, and field hockey. Which area of intelligence does this exemplify? A. bodily kinesthetic bodily kinesthetic Why are event schemata difficult to change? They are ________. A. automatic automatic Jake is sympathetic and considerate of his friends’ moods. He really identifies with their feelings and readily understands their point of view. He is well-known around campus, and he has great relationships with his classmates and professors. Which area of intelligence does this exemplify? A.
interpersonal interpersonal The following sentence misuses the word accept: “I’ll take all the cupcakes accept the one with cream cheese icing.” Which part of language involves knowing the proper use of the word accept? A. concept lexicon Mikel can look at an engineering plan and quickly build a scale model. This exemplifies ________ intelligence. A. bodily kinesthetic spatial Bernadette has difficulty spelling words correctly while writing and mixes up letters within words and sentences. Which learning disability does she have? A. dysfunction dyslexia In Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence. A. interpersonal; intrapersonal interpersonal; intrapersonal Walter struggles to write legibly and has a difficult time putting his thoughts on paper. Which learning disability does he have? A. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) dysgraphia What is the Flynn effect? A. Once a person knows his IQ, he stops trying to excel academically. The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation. At what age can babies only discriminate among those phonemes that are used in the language(s) in their environments? A. 1-30 days old 12 months old Schemata are a(an) ________. A. example of the brain’s ability to form prototypes method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. What should be changed to make the following sentence true? “A prototype is a category or grouping of linguistic information, objects, ideas, or life experiences.” A. The word “category” should be changed to the word “type.” The word “prototype” should be changed to the word “concept.” What impact did Genie’s early isolation have on her ability to acquire language? She never developed a(an) ________. A. ability to communicate mastery of the grammatical aspects of language Which of the following is not one of the conditions that leads to the impulse to use heuristics? A. an appropriate heuristic comes to mind in the same moment the decision to be made is important Which of the following is a criticism of the Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf research on language? A. It only applied to preindustrial societies. It was not empirical. Which of the following statements about algorithms is false? A. Algorithms are a problem-solving strategy. Algorithms are used frequently in our everyday lives. What do the concepts of representational bias, anchoring bias, and hindsight bias all have in common? A. All of the concepts are examples of functional fixedness. All of the concepts are examples of mental set. What should be changed to make the following sentence true? “Fluid intelligence is characterized as acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it.” A. The word “acquired” should be changed to the word “practiced.” The word “Fluid” should be changed to the word “Crystallized.” Which of the following statements about Charles Spearman is false? A. He believed intelligence consisted of a general factor called g. He divided intelligence into two components: crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence. The likelihood of functional fixedness occurring may be influenced by culture, and it is________. A. experienced in both industrial and preindustrial countries equally experienced in both industrial and preindustrial countries equally Which of the following is not one of the four indices of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children? A. perceptual reasoning processing memory Parents of African American students filed a case against the state of California in 1979 because they believed the testing method used to identify students with learning disabilities________. A. did not identify enough African American children in need of special education was culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using White children
The average score on an IQ test is 100. In modern IQ testing, one standard deviation is 15 points. Someone with an IQ of 115 would be described as________. A. one standard deviation above the mean one standard deviation above the mean Which of the following is not one of the four subtypes of intellectual disability? A.
mild modest What should be changed to make the following sentence true “Arthur Jensen theorized that Level I intelligence is responsible for conceptual and analytical abilities while Level II intelligence is responsible for rote memorization.” A. The name “Arthur Jensen” should be changed to the name “Howard Gardener.” The placement of the phrases “Level I” and “Level II” should be switched. Children who live in poverty perform worse on intelligence tests because they________. A. are exposed to a greater degree of diversity, which causes their brains to function differently, thus resulting in a type of intelligence that IQ tests do not measure experience more pervasive daily stress, which affects how the brain functions and develops, thus causing a dip in IQ scores What did the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggest about intelligence? The findings from this study ________. A. demonstrated that female
twins are more intelligent than male twins revealed a genetic component to intelligence What was the most controversial claim in Arthur Jensen’s article, “How Much Can We Boost I.Q. and Achievement?” A. IQ tests are biased in favor of Caucasians. Level II intelligence is most prevalent among Asians, followed by Caucasians, then African Americans. Anywhere between 30-70% of individuals with diagnosed cases of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) also have some sort of ________. A. brain damage learning disability Which of the following statements about Howard Gardner is false? A. He believed discussing IQ as standard deviations from average was inaccurate. He believed discussing IQ as standard deviations from avergae was inaccurate x Would you like to get a custom essay? How about receiving a customized one? Check it out What is the best example or representation of a concept?A prototype is the best example or representation of a concept.
What is an example of an abstract complex concept?For example, the word freedom is a completely abstract concept that can't be directly perceived or measured. Learning a new language allows an individual to acquire new abstract concepts and can result in new thought processes.
What do the concepts of representational bias anchoring bias?What do the concepts of representational bias, anchoring bias, and hindsight bias all have in common? All of the concepts are examples of mental set. Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?
What and what are powerful influences on both our thoughts and behaviors?Emotion and memory are powerful influences on both our thoughts and behaviors. Sensations and information are received by our brains, filtered through emotions and memories, and processed to become thoughts.
|
Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a n concept
Urheberrechte © © 2024 de.ketajaman Inc.
