In a weighted competitive strength analysis, each strength measure is assigned a weight based on

17.The four tests of a resource's competitive power are often referred to as the:A.SCIR test, which asks if a resource is sustainable, competitive, internalized, andreproducible.B.competitive advantage sustainablemethod test.C.reliability resourcessimulation.D. VRIN test, which asks if a resource is valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable.E.organizational capability metricanalysis.The four tests of a resource's competitive power are often referred to as the VRIN test, which asks if a resourceis valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable.

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  • What are the four tests that should be used to measure the competitive power of a company's resource strengths?
  • What are the four characteristics of competitive resources?
  • What is the competitive advantage test?
  • What are the resources of competitive advantage?

AACSB: Analytical ThinkingAccessibility: Keyboard NavigationBlooms: RememberDifficulty: 2 MediumLearning Objective: 04-02 Why a company's resources and capabilities are centrally important in giving the company acompetitive edge over rivals.Topic: Sustaining a Competitive Advantage18.The spotlight in analyzing a company's resources, internal circumstances, and competitiveness includes suchquestions/concerns as:

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make a list of the industry's key success factors and other telling measures of competitive strength or weakness (6 to 10 measures usually suffice).

Step 2 is to assign weights to each of the measures of competitive strength based on their perceived importance. (The sum of the weights for each measure must add up to 1.)

Step 3 is to calculate weighted strength ratings by scoring each competitor on each strength measure (using a 1-to-10 rating scale, where 1 is very weak and 10 is very strong) and multiplying the assigned rating by the assigned weight.

Step 4 is to sum the weighted strength ratings on each factor to get an overall measure of competitive strength for each company being rated.

Step 5 is to use the overall strength ratings to draw conclusions about the size and extent of the company's net competitive advantage or disadvantage and to take specific note of areas of strength and weakness.

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Terms in this set (25)

What are the four tests that should be used to measure the competitive power of a company's resource strengths?

VRIN Test
-Is the resource competitively valuable?
-Is the resource rare?
-Is the resource hard to copy(Inimitable)?
-Is the resource invulnerable to the threat of substitutions from different types of resources and capabilities?

Define SWOT analysis and explain why it is a strategically important analytical tool.

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
-Provides basis for crafting strategy that capitalizes on the companies SWOT and evaluates a company's overall situation

Define company value chain and describe types of activities in this value chain with examples.

-Identifies the primary activities and related support activities that create customer value
-Primary activities: foremost in creating value for customers
(ex: Operations, Distribution, Service)
-Support activities: facilitate and enhance the performance of the primary activities (ex: Human Resources Management, General Administration)

Describe a weighted competitive strength assessment, its five steps, and its strategic implications.

-Focuses on the company's overall competitive strength
-Ranks compared to competitors on important factors that determine market success and if a company has net competitive advantage against competitors
-1st: make a list of industry's key success factors and its measures(1-10)
-2nd: assign weights to each factor
-3rd: calculate weighted strength
-4th: sum weighted strength ratings on each factor
-5th: use overall strength ratings to draw conclusions on net competitive advantage
-Utilize the strength scores in deciding what strategic moves to make

Explain the difference between a company activity, capability, competence, a core competence, and a distinctive competence.

Company activity- any activity engaged in the primary purpose of making a profit
Capability- capacity of a firm to perform some internal activity competently
Competence- activity that a company has learned to perform with proficiency
A core competence- activity that a company performs proficiency that is also central to its strategy and competitive success
Distinctive competence- competitively important activity that a company performs better than its rivals

Draw the five-forces model of competition, briefly describe the relevance of each of the five forces in determining the overall strength of competitive pressures a company faces, and explain implications for managers

Supplier Power- charging higher prices, limiting quantity, shifting costs
Threat of Substitutes- other brands can fill the need of a product at around the same price
Buyer Power- demand better quality, push down prices
Threat of Entry- just joined industry or threatening to begin operations
Rivalry- price cutting, create new products, advertising a lot

Identify and briefly explain any three of the factors that influence the strength or intensity of competitive rivalry among an industry's member firms.

-Rivalry increases when buyer demand is growing slowly or declining
-use price discounts and promotions to gain sales
-Rivalry increases when it becomes less costly for buyers to switch brands
-switching brands include switching costs, time, inconvenience and psychological costs
-Rivalry increases as the products of rival sellers become less strongly differentiated
-rivals are identical/weakly differentiated-less of a reason to be brand loyal

Identify and briefly explain any three factors that intensify competitive pressures stemming from the threat that new firms will enter the industry.

-Strong brand preference and high degree of customer loyalty
-harder for new entrant to break ties spend more money on advertising/sales promotions to break through customer loyalty
-Strong "Network Effects" in customer demand

Identify and briefly explain any three of the factors that influence the strength of competition from substitute products.

-Whether substitutes are readily available and attractively priced
-creates competitive pressure by placing a ceiling on the prices an industry can charge
-puts lid on prices unless they find ways to cut costs

-Whether buyers view substitutes as being comparable or better in quality, performance etc.
-compare performance, features, ease of use and other attributes including price

-The costs that buyers incur in switching to the substitutes are high or low
-low switching costs easier for the sellers to lure buyers
-high switching costs deter buyers from purchasing substitute products

Identify and briefly explain any three of the factors that influence the bargaining strength and leverage of suppliers.

-Demand for suppliers' products is high and they are in short supply
-suppliers of items in short supply have pricing power
-surge in supply of particular item shifts bargaining power to industry members

-Whether industry members are major customers of suppliers
-well-being of suppliers is closely tied to the well-being of their major customers
-protect/enhance the competitiveness with reasonable prices, good quality and advancements

-Whether suppliers provide an item that accounts for a sizeable fraction
-the bigger the cost of a particular part, the more industry members will be sensitive to the actions of suppliers to raise/lower their prices

Identify and briefly explain any three factors that lead to strong bargaining power on the part of buyers.

-buyer demand is weak in relation to industry supply
-declining demand creates "buyer's market" press for better deals and special treatment

-industry goods are standardized or differentiation is weak
-buyers make their selections on the basis of price increases price competition between vendors

-costs of switching to competing brands are relatively low
-switching costs put a cap on how much industry producers can raise prices/reduce quality before losing a buyer's business

Describe steps of constructing a strategic group map and identify at least three benefits of constructing a strategic group map.

1st: identify competitive characteristics that differentiate firms
2nd: plot firms on 2 variable map using pairs of competitive characteristics
3rd: assign firms occupying same map location to same strategic map
4th: draw circles around each strategic group, making circles proportional to size of groups share of total industry sales rev
- Can identify direct and indirect competitors
- Can show how easy it might be to move from one strategic group to another
- May help identify future opportunities or strategic problems

What are the five phases of the strategy-making, strategy-executing process and what does each one involve?

1. Developing a strategic vision, a mission, and a set of values
2. Setting objectives for measuring performance and progress
3. Crafting a strategy to achieve those objectives
4. Executing the chosen strategy efficiently and effectively
5. Monitoring strategic developments, evaluating performance, and making adjustments in the vision and mission, objectives, strategy, or execution as necessary

Define and briefly explain what is meant by each of the following terms: Vision, Mission, and Core Values

a) Vision-Delineates management's future aspirations for the business to its stakeholders, Sets out the compelling rationale (strategic soundness) for the firm's direction (Ex: Gallup's vision-he world's preeminent collector and disseminator of quality information)
b) Mission-Describes the firm's purpose, Identifies the firm's product or services, Specifies the buyer needs it seeks to satisfy, Identifies the customer groups or markets it is endeavoring to serve, Specifies its approach to pleasing customers
c) Core values-The beliefs, traits, and behavioral norms that employees are expected to display in conducting the firm's business (Ex: Walt Disney- Creativity, dreams, and imagination)

Identify four actions that are key elements of leading the strategy execution process.

-oversee the company's financial accounting and financial reporting practices
-critically appraise the company's direction, strategy, and business approaches
-evaluate the caliber of senior executives' strategic leadership skills
-institute compensation plan for top executives that rewards them for actions and results that serve shareholder interests

Discuss the meaning of each of the following levels of strategy and provide real business examples of each strategy

a) Corporate strategy- A strategy at multi-business level that indicates in which industries and national markets an organization intends to compete (Example: GE)
b) Business strategy- A strategy that outlines the specific methods a division, business unit, or organization will use to compete effectively against its rivals in an industry (Example: GE lighting department)
c) Functional area strategy- A strategy that outlines the actions, approaches, and practices to be employed in managing particular functions within a business (Example: Manufacturing in GE Lightning division)

Explain the difference between financial objectives and strategic objectives and explain why an organization needs both financial and strategic objectives. Give examples of each objective.

Financial Objectives-Related to the financial performance targets management has established for the organization to achieve, Focused internally on the firm's operations and activities
Strategic Objectives-Related to a firm's target outcomes that indicate a company is strengthening its market standing and future business prospects, Focused externally on competition against the firm's rivals.
You need both because in order to succeed a company can't just focus on strategies about competitors, but also be financially smart to make sure their company is still profitable.

Describe your life mission, values, and vision.

...

Define strategy and competitive advantage. And explain the connection between a company's strategy and its quest for sustainable competitive advantage.

Strategy is a plan used to go above and beyond by performing different activities than competitors. Competitive advantage has 4 different approaches low cost provider, differentiation on features, best cost provider, and focusing on narrow market niche. The connection between the two is that in order to achieve competitive advantage of providing buyers with superior value a company needs to have a strategy in place.

List six things to look for in identifying the components of an organization's strategy.

Changing market conditions, advancing technology, fresh moves of competitors, shifting buyer needs, emerging market opportunities, new ideas for improving the strategy.

Identify and briefly describe the four most frequently used strategic approaches to achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. Provide examples of each approach.

- Low cost provider: prices lower than competitors (Walmart)
-Differentiation on features: products that are unique compared to competitors (Mercedes ML350)
-Best cost provider: offering lowest price that match higher-priced competitor products (Lexus Rx350)
-Focus on narrow market niche: offering a better product that meets the consumer group for a certain group (Porsche)

Why does a company's strategy tend to evolve over time? What are definitions of proactive and reactive strategies? Provide examples of proactive and reactive strategies?

The circumstances of a company are constantly changing and management constantly wanting to improve their strategy. Proactive is strategies that are planned. (FedEx) Reactive is strategies that form when the environment changed. (Honda)

Explain in detail what a company's business model entails? Provide a business example.

-A business model is a blueprint for delivering a valuable product or service to customers in a manner that will generate revenues sufficient to cover costs and yield an attractive profit. Business models entail the customer value proposition (CVP), which lays out the company's approach to satisfying buyer wants and needs at a price customers will consider a good value, and a profit formula that describes the company's approach to determining a cost structure that will allow for acceptable profits, given the pricing tied to the CVP. Printer manufacturers like Epson pursue a business model that entails selling printers at a low price, which is virtually break-even for them, and then making large profit margins on the buyer's future purchases of printer supplies such as ink cartridges.

Identify and briefly define three central questions that managers are facing.

-What is our present situation? Essentially performing a SWOT analysis to determine where the company stands internally and externally.

-Where do we want to go from here? Determine what goals the company has for their future.

-How do we get to where we want to be? Determine strategic and competitive approaches the company will have to implement in order to get where it needs to be, and what business model or supportive actions will need to take place.

What are the three tests of a winning strategy?

-Fit test: a strategy must be well matched to industry and competitive conditions, best market opportunities, and other important aspects of the environment.

-Competitive advantage test: a strategy must enable a company to achieve a competitive advantage over key rivals that is long lasting.

-Performance test: competitive strength, market standing, profitability, and financial strength are all indicators of the performance of a company.

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What are the four tests that should be used to measure the competitive power of a company's resource strengths?

What are the four tests that should be used to measure the competitive power of a company's resource strengths? -Is the resource competitively valuable? -Is the resource rare? -Is the resource hard to copy(Inimitable)?

What are the four characteristics of competitive resources?

The idea here is that if a firm is to maintain sustainable competitive advantage, it must control a set of exploitable resources that have four critical characteristics. These resources must be (1) valuable, (2) rare, (3) imperfectly imitable (tough to imitate), and (4) nonsubstitutable.

What is the competitive advantage test?

2. The Competitive Advantage Test : A good strategy leads to sustainable competitive advantage. The bigger the competitive edge that a strategy helps build, the more powerful and effective it is. 3.

What are the resources of competitive advantage?

Sources of Competitive Advantage.

Product Attribute Differentiation. One way to gain an advantage over competitors is by differentiating your product from theirs. ... .

Customers' Willingness to Pay. ... .

Price Discrimination. ... .

Bundled Pricing. ... .

Human Capital..

Why is a weighted competitive strength analysis superior?

A weighted competitive strength analysis is conceptually stronger than an unweighted analysis because of the inherent weakness in assuming that all the strength measures are equally important.

Why a weighted competitive strength assessment is conceptually superior to an unweighted one?

The results are more accurate since they involve a greater amount of data. The weighted analysis is easier to conduct and less cost-intensive. It eliminates the bias introduced for those firms having large market shares. The different measures of competitive strength are unlikely to be equally important.

Which of the following is an accurate interpretation of the overall competitive strength ratings that result from doing a competitive strength assessment?

Which of the following is an accurate interpretation or the overall strength scores that result from doing a competitive strength assessment? the higher a company's overall strength score the stronger is its competitiveness and ability to compete successfully against rival industry members.

What is the difference between resources and capabilities?

While resources refer to what an organization owns, capabilities refer to what the organization can do. More specifically, capabilities refer to the firm's ability to bundle, manage, or otherwise exploit resources in a manner that provides value added and, hopefully, advantage over competitors.