In a patient with cholecystitis, which laboratory test result is elevated quizlet

Fatty foods such as fried foods, ice cream, dairy products, red meats, and heavy alcohol should be restricted because they promote gallstone formation. Patients are advised to choose foods low in saturated fats, including rice, potatoes, pasta, yogurt, fruits, lean meat, and whole grains.

(PACU)- monitors vital signs, pain, neurological status, nausea and vomiting, and the surgical site for distention, bleeding, or bruising.

Clear liquids are given slowly in small amounts to prevent nausea and vomiting.

After the first 12 hours of liquids and no nausea, vomiting, or abdominal cramping, patients can gradually introduce small amounts of solid foods and maintain a low-fat diet.

Discharge instructions include incision care (keep Band-Aid or dressing on for first 24 hours and then remove), recognizing signs and symptoms of infection, signs of jaundice (yellow eyes or skin), pain medication instruction, constipation prevention, activity level (encourage walking and normal activity within a week, such as driving, working, and light lifting of less than 10 pounds), and no driving while taking narcotics. It is important to teach the patient that it is okay to take a shower after the first 48 hours and get the incision a little wet in the shower, but patients should not let the water pressure flow directly on the incision, which can increase chances of infection at the incision site.

incision care (keep Band-Aid or dressing on for first 24 hours and then remove),

recognizing signs and symptoms of infection, signs of jaundice (yellow eyes or skin),

pain medication instruction, constipation prevention, activity level (encourage walking and normal activity within a week, such as driving, working, and light lifting of less than 10 pounds),

and no driving while taking narcotics.

it is okay to take a shower after the first 48 hours and get the incision a little wet in the shower,

dont let the water pressure flow directly on the incision, which can increase chances of infection

monitoring vital signs, pain, neurological status, and the abdomen for signs and symptoms of distention, bleeding, or bruising.

Once the patient is passing flatus, clear liquids are introduced, and the diet is advanced to regular if the patient has no nausea or vomiting.

Pain management via patient-controlled analgesia or as needed, pulmonary interventions to encourage lung expansion, coughing and deep breathing to prevent pneumonia and atelectasis, and walking are encouraged.

Fever and tachycardia may represent inflammation due to gallstones. Elevated respiratory rate may occur because of anxiety and pain, the rate may be shallow and rapid because of pain, and blood pressure may be low as a result of dehydration/inflammatory response.
• Serum electrolytes
These measure imbalanced electrolytes due to dehydration from nausea and vomiting and lack of oral intake and include BUN and creatinine (elevated). In the patient with nasogastric tube suctioning, the serum potassium should be monitored closely because this electrolyte is lost with nasogastric suctioning.
• Serum WBC
Inflammation leads to an elevated WBC count.
• Liver enzymes, bilirubin
Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, LDH, ALP) and bilirubin are elevated because of blockage of bile flow in the bile ducts.
• Skin turgor
Decreased skin turgor indicates dehydration.
• Pain (onset, duration, exacerbating and relief factors)
Pain can be intermittent and colicky. Pain can be severe epigastric and in the RUQ with radiation to the back, mid-shoulder/scapula, or in the chest. The onset is fast, commonly within 1 hour of eating a high-fat meal, and common at night.
• Abdominal assessment: distention, bowel sounds; Murphy's sign
Palpation may reveal rebound tenderness, muscle guarding, or rigid abdominal muscles due to pain.
Steatorrhea (presence of excess fat in stool or oily stools), clay-colored stools due to blockage of bile flow
• Daily weight, Intake and output, Nutritional intake

• Postoperative instructions
Discharge teaching includes signs and symptoms of infection, prevention of constipation, low-fat diet, and activity restrictions (encourage walking and normal activity within a week, such as driving, working, and light lifting of less than 10 pounds), and no driving while taking narcotics.
• T-tube management
The patient needs to monitor the insertion site for inflammation and drainage. The T-tube bag should be emptied when one-half to two-thirds full to decrease the pull on the insertion site.
• The patient should avoid a diet high in saturated fats.
Obtaining a diet history can help identify foods that contribute to symptoms. Bile breaks down fats; thus, a diet high in fat requires activation of bile for breakdown and increases pain. Stress small, frequent meals.
• Disease clinical manifestations, progression, diagnostic procedures, and interventions
Patient education about the disease improves overall management and health. It is important that the patient recognize and report symptoms that may indicate relapse or complications, including pain, chills, fever, jaundice, dark urine, and light (clay-colored) stools.

Which finding is consistent with a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis?

Which patient has the highest risk for development of cholecystitis?

Which finding commonly occurs in patients with a bowel obstruction?

Which assessment finding is likely to be present in a patient with acute pancreatitis?