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Examples of Multiple Choice Questions for Exam 1, Biology 250 Letters for correct answers are capitalized. 1. A slippery outer covering in some bacteria that protects them from phagocytosis by host cells is A. capsule b. cell wall c. flagellum d. peptidoglycan 2. When flagella are distributed all around a bacterial cell, the arrangement is called a. polar b. random C. peritrichous d. encapsulated 3. A shiny, sticky colony of Streptococcus pneumoniae is likely to be A. encapsulated and pathogenic c. nonencapsulated and nonpathogenic b. nonencapsulated and pathogenic d. encapsulated and nonpathogenic 4. A bacterial cell wall does all of the following except a. gives shape and rigidity to the cell b. is the site of action for some antibiotics c. is associated with some symptoms of disease D. protects the cell from phagocytosis 5. The minimum distance at which a microscope is capable of distinguishing two points as separate is its a. magnification b. illumination C. resolving power 6. A Gram negative cell wall is __________ than a Gram positive one. a. thicker B. thinner 7. Because penicillin prevents peptidoglycan synthesis, it is more effective on _______________ cells. A. Gram positive b. Gram negative 8. Flagella and pili are made of a. lipids b. carbohydrates c. nucleic acids D. protein 9. The genetic information of bacteria is stored in _______, in one circular chromosome located in the cytoplasm. A. DNA b. protein c. phospholipids d. RNA 10. Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells include all of the following except a. eukaryotic cells have mitochondria c. prokaryotic cells have more complex cell walls b. eukaryotic cells have cilia and flagella with complex structure D. prokaryotic cells have no genetic material 11. The fact that viruses are obligate intracellular parasites means that they require a ____________________ for reproduction. a. culture dish B. host cell c. phenol red broth d. secondary virus 12. One way to determine the size, cell morphology and grouping of bacterial cells is to use a __________ technique. a. streak plate b. phenol red C. simple stain d. nutrient broth culture 13. Cloudiness is a sign that bacteria have grown in a -_______________ after inoculation and incubation. a. streak plate B. tube of nutrient broth c. Gram stain d. simple stain 14. The bacterial envelope includes all of the following structures except a. capsule b. cell wall c. cell membrane D. endospore 15. All of the following structures of bacteria contain (or are made of) protein except A. plasmids b. ribosomes c. pili d. cell membrane 16. Which of the following contains polysaccharide? A. Gram negative cell wall b. pili c. flagella d. plasmids 17. Which of the following contains DNA? a. Gram positive cell wall b. capsule c. pili D. plasmids 18. In a Gram stain procedure, bacteria with Gram positive cell walls decolorize less easily than those with Gram negative cell walls. A. true b. false 19. The cell wall type that has less peptidoglycan is A. Gram negative b. Gram positive 20. The cell wall type that is most vulnerable to the action of penicillin is a. Gram negative B. Gram positive 21. When flagella are located around the entire bacterial cell, the arrangement is called a. polar b. random c. bipolar D. peritrichous 22. An encapsulated cell will reproduce to form colonies that appear a. nonpathogenic b. translucent c. pink D. smooth 23. Endospore are all of the following except ___________ as compared to vegetative cells. a. more likely to survive treatment with disinfectants c. more resistant to staining B. more likely to die in nutritionally poor conditions d. more resistant to temperature changes 24. Phagocytosis of the bacteria that cause pneumonia is ____ likely if the bacteria are protected by a capsule. A. less b. more 25. If you use a visible light microscope to examine a live culture of a bacterium possessing flagella, you will be able to see the flagella moving the bacteria. a. true B. false 26. In what phase of the growth curve is/does a culture (use letters on phases of growth curve for answers): most sensitive to antibiotics? a, B-exponential growth, c, d have the maximum amount of nutrients? A-initial stationary, b, c, d have the maximum amount of accumulated waste products? a, b, c, D-exponential death have equal #'s of dividing and dying cells? A-initial stationary, b, C-maximum stationary, d 27. Most human pathogens prefer temperatures near that of the human body. They are called a. psychrophiles b. thermophiles C. mesophiles d. halophiles 28. The optimum temperature for an organism is the one at which A. it grows with the shortest generation time b. it has the longest time between cell divisions c. it is near one extreme of its range of tolerated temperatures d. its enzymes begin to denature 29. The breakdown of glucose to pyruvate is called glycolysis and produces most of the ATP available from the glucose molecule. a. true B. false 30. Energy is stored in the ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule in its a. sugar portion b. adenine portion C. third phosphate bond 31. Organisms that ferment glucose may produce any of the following end products except a. lactic acid b. propionic acid c. alcohol D. oxygen What type of toxin is most likely to cause septic shock?Most commonly, Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria cause toxic shock syndrome.
Which of the following virulence factors would be found in Staphylococcus aureus?Staphylococcus aureus produces many virulence factors, including toxins, immune-modulatory factors, and exoenzymes.
Why are pathogens that are transmitted person to person often less virulent?Why are pathogens that are transmitted person-to-person often less virulent than those transmitted by arthropod vectors? Person-to-person transmission requires the infected host to remain alive long enough to transmit the organism to another susceptible host.
Which type of bacterial enzyme helps spread Streptococcus pyogenes by digesting blood clots?Streptokinase is a streptococcal enzyme that dissolves blood clots.
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A patient exhibiting septic shock could be infected with all of the following except ________.
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