Scientists who study cultures have identified two opposing characteristics that differen- tiate cultures from each other: collectivism and individualism
1. Collectivist cultures: such as those of contemporary India, Pakistan, Thailand, the Philippines, the Middle East, and other parts of Asia and Africa—emphasize group, or collective, goals over individual aspirations. In such cultures the primary purpose of marriage is to unite families rather than just two people. Parents
in collectivist cultures often arrange the marriages of their children. For example, in contemporary India 90% of marriages are arranged
- individuals are expected not to put their own feelings for some- one above the more important commitments to the needs of family, community, or religion
2. individualist cultures: such as those of Canada, Europe, Australia, "European" Brazil, and the United
States, stress individual desires and goals over family interests. People in individualist
cultures place considerably more emphasis on feelings of love as a basis for marriage than do people in collectivist cultures. The importance of love in deciding to marry is a recent innovation in the long history of human existence. It was not until the end of the 1700s that personal choice based on love replaced family interests as the ideal basis of marriage in the Western world
- When collectivist cultures become more individualist, people are less likely to remain in marriages, as we
see in contemporary China. The easing of government control over individual choices and an increase in Western influence in China contributed to a 21% increase in divorces in one year's time in that country in 2004
Human Resource Management
15th EditionJohn David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine
249 solutions
Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume
23rd EditionDavid Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene
369 solutions
Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value
5th EditionJack T. Marchewka
346 solutions
Human Resource Management
15th EditionGary Dessler
336 solutions
Recommended textbook solutions
Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume
23rd EditionDavid Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene
369 solutions
Social Psychology
10th EditionElliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson
525 solutions
Applied Calculus for the Managerial, Life, and Social Sciences
8th EditionSoo Tan
6,275 solutions
Human Resource Management
15th EditionJohn David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine
249 solutions
Upgrade to remove ads
Only ₩37,125/year
-
Flashcards
-
Learn
-
Test
-
Match
-
Flashcards
-
Learn
-
Test
-
Match
Terms in this set (25)
During which stage in life are married individuals likely to find themselves having to care for a sick partner with a limiting health condition?
Late adulthood
Which of the following is true of divorce or remarriage in older adults?
Rising divorce rates, increased longevity, and better health have led to an increase in remarriage among older adults
Which of the following is referred to as the "final stage in the marriage process"?
The time from retirement until death
Rahim retired from his job at the age of 67. He and his wife, Fathima, have been maintaining a traditional family structure throughout their marriage. While Rahim went for work, Fathima was a homemaker. After retiring from his job, Rahim was able to maintain marital happiness and led a peaceful life with Fathima. Which of the following was Rahim most likely to have engaged in after retirement?
He would have helped Fathima around the house
According to aging expert Laura Carstensen, who among the following tend to experience less intense positive emotions with new friends and equal levels of positive emotions with established friends?
Older adults
Sarah and Kent have always had a very traditional family structure. Kent worked outside the home, and Sarah was a homemaker. When Kent retires, which of the following situations is most likely to arise?
Sarah will become uneasy having Kent around the house all day
The _____ issue raises questions about whether the young should be required to pay for the old.
Generational inequity
In a cross-sectional study of individuals ranging in age from 13 to 90 years, researchers found that self-control was lowest in the _____ domain for individuals who were 60 to 90 years old.
Physical
Which of the following is true of the use of technology use among older adults?
Increasing numbers of older adults use e-mail and smartphones to communicate
Which of the following is true of self-esteem in older adults?
Being physically impaired is linked to low self-esteem
A longitudinal study of more than 1,200 individuals across seven decades revealed that a higher score on the Big Five personality factor of _____ predicted a lower risk of earlier death from childhood through late adulthood.
Conscientiousness
In the context of economic security, which of the following is true regarding older adults?
Poverty is linked to lower levels of physical fitness in older adults
According to recent research, which of the following is linked to high levels of self-control?
Lower levels of obesity
Respect for older adults is greater in _____ cultures than in _____ cultures.
Collectivistic; individualistic
Which of the following factors is most likely to predict high status for older adults in a culture?
Older individuals control key family/community resources
Which of the following is true of activity theory?
It suggests that adults who cannot continue their middle-adulthood roles into late adulthood should find substitute roles that keep them engaged.
Life review
Might result in increased meaning in life and mastery, but it also might revive bitterness and negative thoughts.
Which of the following is a positive resolution of the psychological conflict of autonomy versus shame?
Will
Jeremy is 84 years old. Since the age of 78, Jeremy has deliberately reduced contact with his distant relatives and former work colleagues. He now maintains contact only with close family members and friends. In the context of Laura Carstensen's socioemotional selectivity theory, which of the following is the most likely reason that Jeremy's decided to withdraw from social contact?
He placed a high value on emotional satisfaction
The positive resolution of which developmental stage, according to Erikson, culminates in appreciation of interdependence and relatedness in old age?
Basic trust vs. mistrust
In the context of socioemotional selectivity theory, which of the following is/are among the main reasons for the changing trajectories in knowledge-related and emotion-related goals of older adults, as compared with younger adults?
Perception of time
According to a cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger, _____ showed up for the first time on the most important list for those who were 85 to 105 years old.
Thinking about cognitive fitness
Which of the following is a positive resolution of the psychological conflict of basic trust versus mistrust?
Hope
In order to maintain his status as an admired pianist as he aged, the late Arthur Rubinstein used special strategies, such as slowing down before fast segments, thus creating a perception of faster playing. Which factor of Baltes' theory does this reflect?
Compensation
According to socioemotional selectivity theory, a selective narrowing of social interaction _____ as individuals get older.
Minimizes emotional risks
Students also viewed19
36 terms
morpol20051916
37
168 terms
fn8zwstnr8Plus
Гафарова
218 terms
gumerovadiana14
Vocab 21
14 terms
Whoopscrab
Sets found in the same folder17
25 terms
LoganBuchman
18
25 terms
LoganBuchman
20
25 terms
LoganBuchman
Other sets by this creatorSocial Inequalities Midterm Review
88 terms
LoganBuchman
Developmental Psych Exam 1 Study Guide.
248 terms
LoganBuchman
Developmental Psych Chapter 4 Exam Study Guide
60 terms
LoganBuchman
Developmental Psych Chapter 3 Exam Study Guide
51 terms
LoganBuchman
Verified questions
politics of the united states
How has government policy contributed to scientific discoveries and improved consumer products?
Verified answer
sociology
What factors contribute to poverty among older Americans?
Verified answer
question
What is the probability a person admitted to the hospital will suffer a treatment-caused injury due to negligence?
Verified answer
economics
What type of externality (positive or negative) is present in each of the following examples? Is the marginal social benefit of the activity greater than or equal to the marginal benefit to the individual? Is the marginal social cost of the activity greater than or equal to the marginal cost to the individual? Without intervention, will there be too little or too much (relative to what would be socially optimal) of this activity? a. Mr. Chau plants lots of colorful flowers in his front yard. b. Your next-door neighbor likes to build bonfires in his backyard, and sparks often drift onto your house. c. Maija, who lives next to an apple orchard, decides to keep bees to produce honey. d.Justine buys a large SUV that consumes a lot of gasoline.
Verified answer
Recommended textbook solutionsOperations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management
12th EditionBarry Render, Chuck Munson, Jay Heizer
1,698 solutions
Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value
5th EditionJack T. Marchewka
346 solutions
Human Resource Management
15th EditionJohn David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine
249 solutions
Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations
13th EditionJean Phillips, Ricky W. Griffin, Stanley Gully
174 solutions
Other Quizlet setsCranial Nerves
20 terms
VinnyMarconi
STAAR Review- Constitution, Early Republic, Age of…
49 terms
brookegarth
MKTG Exam 4 Quick Review
56 terms
Valerie_TinaPlus