Which is not true of a child who gets an intelligence quotient score of 130 quizlet?

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Terms in this set (90)

define intelligence:

an individuals cognitive ability, ability ti acquire, process, recall and apply information

describe practical intelligence (Sternberg)

- based in experience
- tend to think well on the spot to overcome obstacles
- reason quickly
- real world situations

What was Charles spearmint idea of intelligence?

- idea that intelligence was one thing - g (general intelligence) - based on the observation that people who perform well in one intellectual area also perform well in others
- based on school type learning
- through, cognitive ability, plan, organize

what did Francis Galton think of intelligence?

it was heritable

what is IQ or intelligence quotient?

name given to the score of the Binet-simon test

what did Binet and Simon do to measure intelligence?

test children's intellectual capacity - individually test items that should be answerable by children of given ages

How is IQ calculated?

mental age/chronological age x 100

what is IQ representative of?

G

What is the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)?

thought to be measured by intelligence tests (16-90 y/o)
- can provide glues to definition if intelligence
- intelligence is make of a pool of specific abilities
- critical of how Binet souls test intelligence with one score (relied heavily on verbal

what is they Flynn effect?

hypothesis to explain effect like better nutrition, greater family with testing general and more expose to visual stimuli - today no aggressed causes that increase in average scores are found
- population gets smarter over time - average IQ increases
- must reinvent tests each year as body of knowledge grows over time

Explain Carrolls model of types of intelligence:

highest level (stratum 3) = G
stratum 2 = fluid, crystallized, visual perception and auditory perception, broad retrieval, cognitive speediness, processing speed
stratum 1 = inductive reasoning, sound localization etc.

Whats the difference btw fluid and crystallized intelligence?

fluid = ability to think in ones feet
crystallized = ability too use language, skills and experience to address problems

What is Howard Gardner's theory?

Gardner argues for multiple intelligences. He says that there are 8 independent types of intelligence.

What is emotional intelligence?

a set of skills in which an individual can accurately understand to emotions of others, can identify and label their own emotions and can use emotion

why do differences actually occur in intelligence?

stereotype threat: is the idea that mental access to a particular stereotype can have real-world impact on a member of the stereotypes group

1. Which factor, proposed by psychologist Charles Spearman, refers to a larger set of intellectual skills that is sometimes considered synonymous with one's overall intelligence?
a) "r"
b) "m"
c) "I"
d) "g"
"p"

D

1. Identify the most accurate statement about one's intelligence quotient (IQ).
a) On a typical bell curve of IQ scores, most people fall above a score of 130 or below a score of 70.
b) It is based entirely on one's genetics.
c) It ranks an individual's intellectual ability against that of other people.
d) It has been dropping by 2-3 points every 15 years for the past 3 generations.
It has been found to change significantly between childhood and adulthood

C

1. Natasha gives an IQ test to 15 different children, and the test is administered the same way each time she gives it. This test would be said to be ______.
a) bimodal
b) positively skewed
c) reliability
d) standardized
e) valid

D

1. What is an average IQ score?
a) 85
b) 100
c) 115
d) 130
e) 70

B

1. Orlando has not been doing well in school lately, but he believes that he can do better. He thinks that his intelligence is changeable, and handles failure better than some of his classmates. According to Carol Dweck, Orlando has a(n) ______mindset.
a) developmental
b) growth
c) adaptive
d) fixed
e) bounce back

B

what is under-determined or misspecified casual models?

psychological frameworks that miss or neglect to include own or more of the critical determinants of the phenomenon under analysis

model of talent development places equal emphasis on what?

assessing the individuals (ability and interests) and the environment (response and reward requirements)

what is the share common feature study?

study of implementing interventions or opportunities based on individual differences, for maximizing positive psychological growth across different stages of life span development

what is general mental ability (g)?

represents the complexity/sophistication of a persons intellectual repertoire

what underlines all cognitive reasoning processes and any test that assesses a specific ability?

g

is there an ability threshold?

no

what is ability threshold?

idea that after a certain point more ability does not matter

what are the 2 major differences distinguishing STEM and NON-STEM educational groups

1) students who ultimately secure educational credentials in STEM domains are more capable than those with earning degrees in other areas(nonverbal intellectual abilities) - more advanced degrees = more general and specific abilites
2) for all three STEM groups spatial ability > verbal ability - whereas others, ranging from education to biology, spatial ability <verbal ability

Why are the STEM patterns important ?

patterns important fir outcomes of technical innovation and creativity, with respect to both ability level and pattern

Information on motivation difference's is need to understand?

attractions and aversions

what is hollands hexagon 6 general themes?

- realistic
- investigative
- artistic
- social
- enterprising
- conventional
RIASEC

what is realistic?

working with gadgets and things, the outdoors, need for structure

What is investigative?

scientific pursuits, especially mathematics and the physical science, an interest in theory

What is artistic?

creative expression in art and writing, little need for structure

What is social?

people interests, the helping professions, teaching, nursing, counselling

What is Enterprising?

likes leadership roles directed toward economic objectives

What is Conventional?

liking of well-structured environments clear chains of command, such as office practices

What is the Stanford-Binet test?

a standardized IQ test adapted from the first on that plots scores on a normal distribution

What is the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)?

Measures intelligence from a wide range of abilities

What was Gardner's theory?

people process info through different channels independent of each other
people learn in unique ways

what is emotional intelligence liked to?

job performance

How does a persons outlook on their intelligence predict performance?

having midget that intelligence can grow and change helps perform better

what are the gendere difference in perceived intellect a result of?

complex web of social and societal influences

is there a genetic factor in intellect?

some evidence says yes

what aspects of intelligence do women appear to be netter at on average? (5)

fine motor skills
acquired knowledge
reading comp
deciding non-verbal lang
generally higher grades

what aspects do men appear better at?

fluid math/science reeasioning
perceptual tasks involving moving objects
tasks requiring transformations in working memory

what facet of intelligence are men disproportionally represented in?

low end of intelligence (dylexia, ADHD)

women score bad on math grades is an example of what

stereotype threat

what is the theory of work adjustment?

equally emphasizes assessing individual abilities and interests and environmental requirements and reward structures

how are cognitive abilities organized

hierarchically

what does covary mean?

two or more variables vary together
they are related

what determines how much cognitive tests covary?

thee more they share complexity and content

what are the three thought modalities we measure?

spatial-mechanical
verbal-linguistic
numerical-quantitative

how does test complexity vary?

from the centre out
up the levels of hierarchy

how does content cary?

around the circle
thought the different groups

what thought modalities have implication for choices and performance?

math, spatial and verbal reasoning

does your ability in a specific subject matter?

yes - but interests, persistence and opportunity play a factor

what are specific abilities?

cognitive abilities that contain an appreciable component of g but also a large component of a more content-focused talent

what do general abilities and specific ability predict?

general = magnitude of accomplishments
specific = nature of accomplishments

do abilities and interests correlate?

not much

what differs across subject mastery?

the extend to which people embrace opportunities for positive development
task commitment

what factors influence a persons volition to achieve mastery?

Moree differences in energy than abilities/preferences/learning speed

What is conation?

volition to do an action

what is most important for success

conation not talent

what is the bounded rationality framework?

humans try to make rational decisions but are bounded by cognitive limitations

what are the 6 steps to a rational decision?

1. define the problem
2. identify necessary criteria to judge options
3. weigh criteria by importance
4. generate alternatives you must decide between
5. rate alternatives by criteria
6. compute optimal decision

do we alway make rational decisions?

no we often rely on intuition

what happens when we try to think systematically?

often enter decision making processes that are biased

how are biases created?

our tendency to short-cut. a rational decision-making process with heuristics

What are heuristics?

simplified principles used to make decisions; rules of thumb - mental shortcut

what affects our decision making?

biases, overconfidence, anchoring and framing etc

what is an anchor?

a value presented ti us in a question that influences our judgments even if its randomly chosen

what is framing?

bias in the way info is presented to systematically affect decision making

what is bounded willpower?

-The tendency to place greater weight on present concerns rather than future concerns
-Our immediate motivations are often inconsistent with our long-term interests in a variety of ways

what is bounded self-interest?

systematic and predictable ways in which we care about the outcomes of others

what is bounded ethnicity

systematic ways our ethics are limited

what is bounded awareness?

The systematic ways in which we fail to notice obvious and important information that is available to us (focusing failures that affect our judgment)

what is system 1 decision making?

relies on intuition

what is system 2 decision making?

conscious and thought out 6 steps to rational decision

when should system 2 be used?

when making important life decisions

How can bias be avoided?

engaging in system 2

Correlations between abilities and interests typically range from:
a) .2-.3
b) 1
c) 0
d) .5-.6
e) .8-.9

A

1. According to the ______rationality framework, human beings try to make rational decisions, but our cognitive limitations prevent us from being fully rational.
A) bounded
B) restricted
C) empirical
D) constructed
idiosyncratic

A

1. People's judgments about various situations are predictably affected by ______, or mistakes that influence how we evaluate those circumstances.
a) instrumentations
b) attributions
c) comparisons
d) biases
e) prejudices

D

1. You are trying to decide what type of vehicle to buy. A bicycle is eco-friendly, an electric car is expensive and a van is the most suitable for your family. According to Bazerman and Moore (2013), the first step you will take to make a rational decision will be to:
a) define the problem.
b) weigh the rank of each criteria needed to make a decision.
c) generate alternatives.
d) make a pros and cons list.
compute and optimal decision.

A

1. Which of the following refers to a strategy that is used to simplify decision-making, sometimes at the cost of logic and rationality?
a) an algorithm
b) an attribution
c) a heuristic
d) a frame
e) an anchor

C

1. Marissa believes that even 30 years after graduation she will be able to name 250 of the 300 students in her graduating class. Later, she is only able to correctly identify 75. This reflects her ______in her own skill.
a) overconfidence
b) lack of confidence
c) introspection
d) confirmation bias
attributional bias

A

1. Brenda sees a television advertised around $500. When she finally buys one for $450, she feels she got a good deal. In this case, the $500 price acted as a(n) ______.
a) heuristic
b) adjustment
c) prime
d) anchor
e) frame

D

1. Smoking Brand A carries an 80% chance of developing lung cancer while smoking Brand B carries a 20% chance of not developing lung cancer. Even though the outcomes are the same, the ______can affect the decisions that people make.
a) the up/down heuristic
b) adjustments
c) the foot-in-the-door technique
d) framing
e) anchoring

A

Anchoring

The bias to be affected by an initial anchor, even if the anchor is arbitrary, and to insufficiently adjust our judgments away from that anchor.

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