Interpreting new sensory information within the framework of a past memory illustrates
a.accommodation.
b.top-down processing.
c.Weber’s law.
d.sensory adaptation.
The size of the difference threshold is greater for heavier objects than for lighter ones. This best illustrates
a.sensory
interaction.
b.interposition.
c.Weber’s law.
d.the opponent-process theory.
The central focal point in the retina where cones are heavily concentrated is known as the
a.lens.
b.optic nerve.
c.cornea.
d.fovea.
The phenomenon of blindsight best illustrates that visual information can be processed without
a.bipolar cells.
b.parallel processing.
c.conscious awareness.
d.feature detectors.
The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are three tiny bones that transmit vibrations to the
a.vestibular sacs.
b.oval window.
c.eardrum.
d.semicircular canal.
The sensory experience of bending one’s knees or raising one’s arms exemplifies
a.the vestibular sense.
b.top-down processing.
c.sensory interaction.
d.kinesthesis.
Nociceptors initiate the sensation of
a.color.
b.pitch.
c.taste.
d.pain.
The olfactory cortex is located in the
a.frontal lobe.
b.occipital lobe.
c.temporal lobe.
d.parietal lobe.
Rules for organizing stimuli into coherent groups were first identified by
a.evolutionary
psychologists.
b.behaviorists.
c.Gestalt psychologists.
d.parapsychologists.
The distance between our right and left eyes functions to provide us with a cue for depth perception known as
a.proximity.
b.interposition.
c.retinal disparity.
d.linear perspective.
Railroad tracks appear to converge in the distance. This provides a cue for depth perception
known as
a.linear perspective.
b.interposition.
c.connectedness.
d.continuity.
A door casts an increasingly trapezoidal image on our retinas as it opens, yet we still perceive it as rectangular. This illustrates
a.retinal disparity.
b.the Ponzo illusion.
c.shape constancy.
d.linear perspective.
After some practice, Carol was able to read books
while holding them upside down. This best illustrates
a.perceptual adaptation.
b.perceptual constancy.
c.interposition.
d.sensory interaction.
After hearing that Bryce had served a prison sentence, Janet began to perceive his friendly behavior as insincere and manipulative. This best illustrates the impact of
a.interposition.
b.retinal disparity.
c.precognition.
d.perceptual set.
Racial and ethnic stereotypes can sometimes bias our perceptions of others’ behaviors. This best illustrates the impact of
a.retinal disparity.
b.relative luminance.
c.interposition.
d.top-down processing.
Chapter 6 Multiple Choice Quiz 2 - Quiz1.Interpreting new sensory information within the framework of a past memory illustrates.
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3.Sensory adaptation helps us to focus our attention onnovelstimuli.4.After hearing that Bryce had served a prison sentence, Janet began to perceive his friendly.
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5.When holding a gun themselves, people become more likely to perceive another person as gun-
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The retina is a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that covers about 65 percent of its interior surface. Photosensitive cells called rods and cones in the retina convert incident light energy into signals that are carried to the brain by the optic nerve. In the middle of the retina is a small dimple called the fovea or fovea centralis. It is the center of the eye's sharpest vision and the location of most color perception.
"A thin layer (about 0.5 to 0.1mm thick) of light receptor cells covers the inner surface of the choroid. The focused beam of light is absorbed via electrochemical reaction in this pinkish multilayered structure. The human eye contains two kinds of photoreceptor cells; rods and cones. Roughly 125 million of them are intermingled nonuniformly over the retina."(Hecht) The ensemble of rods(each about 0.002 mm in diameter) forms an exceedingly sensitive detector, performing in light too dim for the cones to respond to. It is unable to distinquish color, and the images it relays are not well defined.
"In contrast, the ensemble of 6 or 7 million cones (each about 0.006 mm in diameter) can be imagined as a separate, but overlapping, low-speed color film. It performs in bright light, giving detailed colored views, but is fairly insensitive at low light levels."(Hecht)"
The rods and cones appear to be pointed away from the light source they detect. The light strikes the sensitive pigment layer at the back of the eye and transfers the information to the nearby rods and cones. The rods and cones absorb the scattered light from the nearby pigment layer, which makes vision clearer and keeps the sensitive detectors in a more protected location. The rods and cones are also kept closer to their metabolic energy supply. From the rods and cones, the signals pass through horizontal cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells and retinal ganglion cells on their way to the retinal highway leading to the optic nerve. (Mammoth)
IndexVision concepts
Image formation concepts
Reference
Hecht, 2nd Ed.
Sec. 5.7
Mammoth Memory site