1
What do many psychologists believe is the basic process of moral development?
2
Piaget and Kohlberg agree that young children are oriented toward obedience. However, Piaget believed this is true because children ______, whereas Kohlberg believed it is because children ______
3
In Kohlberg's __________ stage of moral development, individuals blindly accept rules and regulations in order to preserve a smooth-running society.
4
Children rated by their peers and teachers as more ______ have been found to be more mature in social judgments.
5
Which of the following actions would a 5-year-old rate as more wrong?
6
Which of the following prosocial behaviors would likely be acquired last?
7
Adina has twin children, Ariel (a daughter) and Adam (a son). Which child would we expect to display more empathy?
8
One method parents often use to help their child learn to engage in prosocial behavior is to ask the child to assist a parent with household tasks. This strategy has been found to
9
From preschool years to elementary school years children typically shift from using _______ aggression to using _______ aggression.
10
Which of the following strategies has been found to be ineffective in controlling aggression?
11
Which theory emphasizes moral judgments when examining moral development issues?
12
When asked why she doesn't hit her sister, Hilary replies, "So my mom won't make me sit in the quiet chair." Which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development does her answer exemplify?
13
What types of activities facilitated more mature moral judgments according to Kohlberg?
14
Which of the following are most viewed as arbitrary, relative, and can vary across communities and cultures?
15
_________ is the ability to inhibit or direct one's actions to conform to social or moral rules.
16
Studies of prosocial behavior in children have found which of the following characteristics to be correct?
17
From her research on how children's thinking about prosocial activities changes across development, Eisenberg concluded that
18
Two of the most important determinants of altruism are _________ and _________ abilities.
19
Billie is the grade-school bully. He regularly harasses the other students, particularly the younger ones. He usually threatens to beat them up if they don't pay him $.50 a day. Billie is using _________ aggression.
20
When compared to parents of non-aggressive children, parents of aggressive children monitor their children's behavior
What is the stage 1 of Preconventional moral development?
Stage 1 (Obedience and Punishment): The earliest stages of moral development, obedience and punishment are especially common in young children, but adults are also capable of expressing this type of reasoning. According to Kohlberg, people at this stage see rules as fixed and absolute.
What is Stage 1 of Kohlberg's theory?
Kohlberg calls stage 1 thinking "preconventional" because children do not yet speak as members of society. Instead, they see morality as something external to themselves, as that which the big people say they must do. What is right for Heinz, then, is what meets his own self-interests.
What is Preconventional stage1?
Level 1 (Preconventional)
Obedience and Punishment Orientation – at this stage of moral reasoning, the individual acts from a belief that if they do something wrong they will be punished, so that the best reason for avoiding doing wrong is to avoid punishment.
What occurs in Kohlberg's Preconventional level?
in Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the first level of moral reasoning, characterized by the child's evaluation of actions in terms of material consequences.